儿茶酚-O-甲基转移酶基因型与养育方式对中重度幼儿期创伤性脑损伤后长期执行功能的影响：一项探索性研究
Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Genotypes and Parenting Influence on Long-Term Executive Functioning After Moderate to Severe Early Childhood Traumatic Brain Injury: An Exploratory Study.
作者信息
Kurowski Brad G, Treble-Barna Amery, Zang Huaiyu, Zhang Nanhua, Martin Lisa J, Yeates Keith Owen, Taylor H Gerry, Wade Shari L
机构信息
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio (Drs Kurowski, Treble-Barna, and Wade); Department of Pediatrics, Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio (Mr Zang and Dr Zhang); Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio (Dr Martin); Department of Psychology, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (Dr Yeates); and Department of Pediatrics, Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics and Psychology, Case Western Reserve University, Rainbow Child Development Center, Cleveland, Ohio (Dr Taylor).
出版信息
J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2017 Nov/Dec;32(6):404-412. doi: 10.1097/HTR.0000000000000281.
OBJECTIVES
To examine catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) rs4680 genotypes as moderators of the effects of parenting style on postinjury changes in parent behavior ratings of executive dysfunction following moderate to severe early childhood traumatic brain injury.
SETTING
Research was conducted in an outpatient setting.
PARTICIPANTS
Participants included children admitted to hospital with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (n = 55) or orthopedic injuries (n = 70) between ages 3 and 7 years.
DESIGN
Prospective cohort followed over 7 years postinjury.
MAIN MEASURES
Parenting Practices Questionnaire and the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning obtained at baseline, 6, 12, and 18 months, and 3.5 and 6.8 years postinjury. DNA was collected from saliva samples, purified using the Oragene (DNA Genotek, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada) OG-500 self-collection tubes, and analyzed using TaqMan (Applied Biosystems, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, Massachusetts) assay protocols to identify the COMT rs4680 polymorphism.
RESULTS
Linear mixed models revealed a significant genotype × parenting style × time interaction (F = 5.72, P = .02), which suggested that the adverse effects of authoritarian parenting on postinjury development of executive functioning were buffered by the presence of the COMT AA genotype (lower enzyme activity, higher dopamine levels). There were no significant associations of executive functioning with the interaction between genotype and authoritative or permissive parenting ratings.
CONCLUSION
The lower activity COMT rs4680 genotype may buffer the negative effect of authoritarian parenting on long-term executive functioning following injury in early childhood. The findings provide preliminary evidence for associations of parenting style with executive dysfunction in children and for a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors as contributors to decreases in these problems after traumatic injuries in children. Further investigation is warranted to understand the interplay among genetic and environmental factors related to recovery after traumatic brain injury in children.
目的
研究儿茶酚-O-甲基转移酶（COMT）基因rs4680的基因型，作为父母教养方式对中重度幼儿期创伤性脑损伤后执行功能障碍的父母行为评分的损伤后变化影响的调节因素。
地点
在门诊环境中进行研究。
参与者
参与者包括3至7岁因中重度创伤性脑损伤入院的儿童（n = 55）或骨科损伤儿童（n = 70）。
设计
前瞻性队列研究，随访损伤后7年。
主要测量指标
在基线、损伤后6个月、12个月、18个月、3.5年和6.8年时获取父母教养方式问卷和执行功能行为评定量表。从唾液样本中收集DNA，使用Oragene（DNA Genotek，渥太华，安大略省，加拿大）OG - 500自采管进行纯化，并使用TaqMan（应用生物系统公司，赛默飞世尔科技，马萨诸塞州沃尔瑟姆）检测方案进行分析，以鉴定COMT rs4680多态性。
结果
线性混合模型显示基因型×父母教养方式×时间存在显著交互作用（F = 5.72，P = .02），这表明专制型教养方式对损伤后执行功能发展的不利影响被COMT AA基因型（较低的酶活性，较高的多巴胺水平）缓冲。执行功能与基因型和权威型或放任型教养方式评分之间的交互作用无显著关联。
结论
COMT rs4680基因型的较低活性可能缓冲专制型教养方式对幼儿期损伤后长期执行功能的负面影响。这些发现为父母教养方式与儿童执行功能障碍之间的关联以及遗传和环境因素作为儿童创伤性损伤后这些问题减少的促成因素的复杂相互作用提供了初步证据。有必要进一步研究以了解与儿童创伤性脑损伤后恢复相关的遗传和环境因素之间的相互作用。
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