Kerensky Todd, Walley Alexander Y
Instructor of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, 801 Massachusetts Avenue, Floor 2, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
Section of General Internal Medicine, Clinical Addiction Research and Education Unit, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, 801 Massachusetts Avenue, Floor 2, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
Addict Sci Clin Pract. 2017 Jan 7;12(1):4. doi: 10.1186/s13722-016-0068-3.
The opioid use and overdose crisis is persistent and dynamic. Opioid overdoses were initially driven in the 1990s and 2000s by the increasing availability and misuse of prescription opioids. More recently, opioid overdoses are increasing at alarming rates due to wider use of heroin, which in some places is mixed with fentanyl or fentanyl derivatives. Naloxone access for opioid overdose rescue is one of the US Department of Health and Human Services' three priority areas for responding to the opioid crisis. This article summarizes the known benefits of naloxone access and details unanswered questions about overdose education and naloxone rescue kits. Hopefully future research will address these knowledge gaps, improve the effectiveness of opioid overdose education and naloxone distribution programs, and unlock the full promise of naloxone rescue kits.
阿片类药物的使用和过量危机持续且动态变化。在20世纪90年代和21世纪初，阿片类药物过量最初是由处方阿片类药物供应增加和滥用所驱动。最近，由于海洛因的广泛使用，阿片类药物过量正以惊人的速度增加，在一些地方，海洛因与芬太尼或芬太尼衍生物混合在一起。获取纳洛酮用于阿片类药物过量急救是美国卫生与公众服务部应对阿片类药物危机的三个优先领域之一。本文总结了获取纳洛酮的已知益处，并详细阐述了关于过量用药教育和纳洛酮急救包的未解决问题。希望未来的研究能够填补这些知识空白，提高阿片类药物过量教育和纳洛酮分发项目的有效性，并充分发挥纳洛酮急救包的潜力。
