Krukow Paweł, Szaniawska Ola, Harciarek Michał, Plechawska-Wójcik Małgorzata, Jonak Kamil
Department of Clinical Neuropsychiatry, Medical University of Lublin, Poland.
Institute of Psychology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, Poland.
J Affect Disord. 2017 Mar 1;210:222-225. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.12.050. Epub 2017 Jan 2.
Bipolar patients show high intra-individual variability during cognitive processing. However, it is not known whether there are a specific fluctuations of variability contributing to the overall high cognitive inconsistency. The objective was to compare dynamic profiles of patients and healthy controls to identify hypothetical differences and their associations with overall variability and processing speed.
Changes of reaction times iSD during processing speed test performance over time was measured by dividing the iSD for whole task into four consecutive parts. Motor speed and cognitive effort were controlled.
Patients with BD exhibited significantly lower results regarding processing speed and higher intra-individual variability comparing with HC. The profile of intra-individual variability changes over time of performance was significantly different in BD versus HC groups: F(3, 207)=8.60, p<0.0001, η=0.11. iSD of BD patients in the initial phase of performance was three times higher than in the last. There was no significant differences between four intervals in HC group. Inter-group difference in the initial part of the profiles was significant also after controlling for several cognitive and clinical variables.
Applied computer version of Cognitive Speed Test was relatively new and, thus, replication studies are needed. Effect seen in the present study is driven mainly by the BD type I.
Patients with BD exhibits problems with setting a stimulus-response association in starting phase of cognitive processing. This deficit may negatively interfere with the other cognitive functions, decreasing level of psychosocial functioning, therefore should be explored in future studies.
双相情感障碍患者在认知加工过程中表现出较高的个体内变异性。然而，尚不清楚是否存在特定的变异性波动导致了整体较高的认知不一致性。目的是比较患者和健康对照的动态特征，以识别假设的差异及其与整体变异性和加工速度的关联。
通过将整个任务的个体标准差（iSD）分为四个连续部分，测量加工速度测试表现过程中反应时间iSD随时间的变化。控制了运动速度和认知努力。
与健康对照相比，双相情感障碍患者在加工速度方面表现出显著更低的结果以及更高的个体内变异性。双相情感障碍组与健康对照组在表现的个体内变异性随时间变化的特征上存在显著差异：F(3, 207)=8.60，p<0.0001，η=0.11。双相情感障碍患者在表现初始阶段的iSD比最后阶段高三倍。健康对照组的四个区间之间无显著差异。在控制了几个认知和临床变量后，特征初始部分的组间差异也很显著。
应用的计算机版认知速度测试相对较新，因此需要重复研究。本研究中观察到的效应主要由I型双相情感障碍驱动。
双相情感障碍患者在认知加工的起始阶段存在建立刺激-反应关联的问题。这种缺陷可能会对其他认知功能产生负面影响，降低心理社会功能水平，因此应在未来研究中进行探索。
