Coughlin Steven S
Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee College of Medicine, Memphis, TN.
Jacobs J Community Med. 2016 Apr;2(1). Epub 2016 Jan 6.
The recent literature on community-based participatory research (CBPR) approaches to preventing HIV infection in diverse communities was systematically reviewed as part of the planning process for a new study. Published HIV prevention studies that employed CBPR methods were identified for the period January 1, 2005 to April 30, 2014 using PubMed databases and MeSH term and keyword searches. A total of 44 studies on CBPR and HIV or AIDS prevention were identified, of which 3 focused on adolescents, 33 on adults, and 8 on both adolescents and adults. A variety of at-risk populations were the focus of the studies including men who have sex with men, African American or Hispanic men, and African American or Hispanic women. Few studies focused on Asian/Pacific Islander or American Indian populations in the U.S. Six studies employed CBPR methods to address HIV prevention in church settings. Many of the studies were limited to formative research (ethnographic research, in-depth interviews of key informants, or focus groups). Other studies had a pre-/post-test design, quasi-experimental, or randomized design. Additional CBPR studies and faith-based interventions are needed with adequate sample sizes and rigorous study designs to address lack of knowledge of HIV and inadequate screening in diverse communities to address health disparities.
作为一项新研究规划过程的一部分，我们系统回顾了近期关于基于社区的参与性研究（CBPR）方法在不同社区预防艾滋病毒感染方面的文献。利用PubMed数据库以及医学主题词和关键词搜索，确定了2005年1月1日至2014年4月30日期间采用CBPR方法的已发表艾滋病毒预防研究。共确定了44项关于CBPR与艾滋病毒或艾滋病预防的研究，其中3项聚焦于青少年，33项聚焦于成年人，8项同时涉及青少年和成年人。研究的重点是各种高危人群，包括男男性行为者、非裔美国男性或西班牙裔男性以及非裔美国女性或西班牙裔女性。在美国，很少有研究关注亚裔/太平洋岛民或美国印第安人群体。六项研究采用CBPR方法在教会环境中开展艾滋病毒预防工作。许多研究仅限于形成性研究（人种志研究、关键信息人深度访谈或焦点小组）。其他研究采用了前后测试设计、准实验设计或随机设计。需要开展更多样本量充足且研究设计严谨的CBPR研究和基于信仰的干预措施，以解决不同社区艾滋病毒知识缺乏和筛查不足的问题，从而消除健康差距。
