Department of Periodontology and Synoptic Dentistry, Charité Medical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Department of Stomatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China.
J Periodontol. 2017 May;88(5):511-517. doi: 10.1902/jop.2017.150691. Epub 2017 Jan 8.
Various antimicrobial agents are widely used in the therapy of oral inflammatory diseases. However, their side effects and the appearance of drug resistance justify research on natural antimicrobial agents to target oral pathogens that are safe for the host. In the present study, antimicrobial properties of mastic extract on commensal and pathogenic oral bacteria, as well as its possible cytotoxic effect toward cells of epithelial and mesenchymal origin, were evaluated and compared with the common antimicrobial agents hydrogen peroxide (HO) and chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX).
Oral and periodontal pathogens (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Streptococcus mutans [Sm], Streptococcus oralis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia, and Prevotella nigrescens) were treated with different concentrations of mastic extract, 3% HO, and 0.2% CHX, and evaluated with an agar diffusion test. The cytotoxic effect of mastic extract was tested on four cell lines of epithelial and mesenchymal origin (HaCaT, SaOS-2, MC3T3-E1, periodontal ligament [PDL] cells) by neutral red and 2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide assay.
Mastic extract led to significantly (P ≤0.016) increased inhibition of the tested periodontal pathogens compared with HO. No effect of mastic extract was observed on Sm. Mastic extract showed beneficial effects on cell viability because viability values of tested cells were significantly (P ≤0.016) lower for cells treated with CHX and HO compared with mastic extract-treated cells after stimulation for 2, 4, and 6 hours.
The present data demonstrate mastic extract's inhibition of periodontal pathogens, as well as beneficial effects on cell viability, compared with HО, suggesting that it could be considered an alternative antibacterial agent in the prevention of periodontal disease.
各种抗菌剂广泛用于口腔炎症性疾病的治疗。然而，它们的副作用和耐药性的出现使得人们有理由研究针对口腔病原体的天然抗菌剂，这些抗菌剂对宿主是安全的。本研究评估并比较了乳香提取物对共生和致病性口腔细菌的抗菌特性及其对上皮和间充质来源细胞的可能细胞毒性作用，并与常见的抗菌剂过氧化氢（HO）和洗必泰（CHX）进行了比较。
用不同浓度的乳香提取物、3%HO 和 0.2%CHX 处理口腔和牙周病原体（牙龈卟啉单胞菌、变形链球菌[Sm]、口腔链球菌、伴放线放线杆菌、核梭杆菌、中间普氏菌和黑色普氏菌），并通过琼脂扩散试验进行评估。通过中性红和 2,3-双-（2-甲氧基-4-硝基-5-磺苯基）-2H-四唑-5-羧基苯胺测定法，测试乳香提取物对四种上皮和间充质来源的细胞系（HaCaT、SaOS-2、MC3T3-E1、牙周膜[PDL]细胞）的细胞毒性作用。
与 HO 相比，乳香提取物显著（P≤0.016）增加了对测试牙周病原体的抑制作用。乳香提取物对 Sm 没有作用。乳香提取物对细胞活力有有益的影响，因为与用 CHX 和 HO 处理的细胞相比，用乳香提取物处理的细胞在刺激 2、4 和 6 小时后，测试细胞的活力值显著（P≤0.016）更低。
与 HO 相比，本研究数据表明乳香提取物抑制牙周病原体并对细胞活力有益，这表明它可被视为预防牙周病的替代抗菌剂。
