Curi Janaina Paiva, Beaini Thiago Leite, Silva Ricardo Henrique Alves da, Melani Rodolfo Francisco Haltenhoff, Chilvarquer Israel, Crosato Edgard Michel
Forensic Dentistry Department of the University of São Paulo, Brazil.
Stomatology Department of the University of São Paulo, Brazil.
Forensic Sci Int. 2017 Feb;271:68-74. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.12.015. Epub 2016 Dec 22.
Human identification requires comparison of individual traits of a person, depending on the availability and reproduction of antemortem (AM) records. If there is no presumed identity or AM exams are not available for comparison, the production of postmortem (PM) records is impaired. The purpose of this research is to describe and test standards to enable the comparison of antemortem periapical radiographs to images extracted from the manipulation of postmortem CBCT exams in multiple identification simulations in a randomized blind study. In a simulation, 20 CBCT images from dry skulls were used as PM records and 3 periapical radiographs (total of 60) that were randomized and blinded from the first examiner. In each case, an intentional incidence error of 10° was added in four different directions. Three points were selected in the AM radiograph, and the angle, linear measurements and proportion between these distances were collected. The AM data were used to mathematically find similar image geometry on a CBCT maximum intensity projection. Possible identification by superimposition was achieved in all cases, and statistical analysis proved the success in the reproduction of angular and length proportion using CBCT incidence manipulation. Significant reproducibility was also observed on intra- and inter-observer tests. In conclusion, the images extracted from CBCT could be compared to any periapical radiographs by superimposition, providing acceptable evidence to establish human identification. The application of this protocol is suitable for forensic practices with the high level of reproducibility and could be used as PM record when no AM records are available at the time of the exam.
人类身份识别需要对个人的个体特征进行比较，这取决于生前（AM）记录的可用性和再现性。如果没有假定的身份信息或无法获得生前检查结果进行比较，死后（PM）记录的生成就会受到影响。本研究的目的是描述和测试相关标准，以便在一项随机盲法研究的多次身份识别模拟中，将生前根尖片与从死后CBCT检查处理中提取的图像进行比较。在一次模拟中，将来自干燥颅骨的20张CBCT图像用作死后记录，并将3张根尖片（共60张）随机分配给第一位检查者并对其进行盲法处理。在每种情况下，在四个不同方向上故意添加10°的入射误差。在生前X线片中选择三个点，并收集这些点之间的角度、线性测量值和距离比例。利用生前数据在CBCT最大强度投影上通过数学方法找到相似的图像几何形状。在所有情况下都通过叠加实现了可能的身份识别，统计分析证明了使用CBCT入射处理在再现角度和长度比例方面的成功。在观察者内和观察者间测试中也观察到了显著的可重复性。总之，从CBCT中提取的图像可以通过叠加与任何根尖片进行比较，为建立人类身份识别提供可接受的证据。该方案的应用适用于具有高再现性水平的法医实践，并且在检查时没有生前记录的情况下可用作死后记录。
