Cegielska-Taras Teresa, Nogala-Kałucka Małgorzata, Szala Laurencja, Siger Aleksander
Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute &#; Research Division Poznań, Department of Genetics and Breeding of Oilseed Crops, Poland.
Department of Food Biochemistry and Analysis, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poland.
Acta Sci Pol Technol Aliment. 2016 Jul-Sep;15(3):321-332. doi: 10.17306/J.AFS.2016.3.31.
In the study, an analysis of tocopherols, plastochomanol-8 and phytosterols was conducted using DH lines obtained from F1 hybrids of reciprocal crosses between yellow- and black-seeded lines.
The biological material for the study consisted of two DH populations of winter oilseed rape obtained from F1 hybrids of reciprocal crosses between two DH lines: yellow- and black-seeded. Seed color was determined using a ColorFlex spectrophotometer. Fat content was determined via pulsed NMR. The levels of tocopherols, and plastochromanol-8 are analyzed using HPLC. Phytosterol contents and composition were determined by the GC method.
The fat content of the black-seeded parental line was 49% and this was higher than that of the yellow-seeded parental line (44%). The fat content of DH line populations ranged from 44 to 51%. Total tocopherol content ranged from 460 to 602 mg/kg and the α-T/γ-T ratio was from 0.66 to 1.09. In parental lines H2-26 and Z-114 the total tocopherol content was 534 and 525 mg/kg, but the α-T/γ-T ratios were 0.81 and 1.21, respectively. The yellow-seeded parental line (Z-114) was characterized by a higher PC-8 content (81 mg/kg) than the H2-26 black-seeded parental line (58 mg/kg). The largest part of the total phytosterol content in seeds of both populations was β-sitosterol from 976 to 2148 mg/kg, followed by campasterol, from 636 to 1364 mg/kg, and brassicasterol from 375 to 678 mg/kg. The total tocopherol content ranged from 462 to 595 mg/kg (population HxZ) and from 460 to 602 mg/kg (population ZxH). Significantly positive correlations were observed between the seed color with α-T (r = 0.38, p < 0.01), γ-T (r = -0,34, p < 0.01) and PC-8 content (r = 0.29, p < 0.01). Correlations between the seed color with total tocopherol and total phytosterol content were not noted.
Considering the range of genetic variation among doubled haploids of two populations, selected DH lines may be good parents for further breeding programs focused on increasing the amount and improving the quality of oilseed rapeseed oil. However, further studies will also be made to determine the influence of the environment on bioactive compounds in rapeseed oil. Cross direction of parental DH lines: yellow- and black-seeded has some influence, albeit not statistically significant, on the diversity of doubled haploid in their populations with regard to average fat, tocochromanol and phytosterol content.
在本研究中，利用从黄色和黑色种子品系正反交F1杂种获得的双单倍体（DH）系，对生育酚、植基二氢萘醇-8和植物甾醇进行了分析。
本研究的生物材料由两个冬油菜DH群体组成，这些群体来自两个DH系（黄色和黑色种子）正反交的F1杂种。种子颜色使用ColorFlex分光光度计测定。脂肪含量通过脉冲核磁共振测定。生育酚和植基二氢萘醇-8的含量采用高效液相色谱法分析。植物甾醇含量和组成通过气相色谱法测定。
黑色种子亲本系的脂肪含量为49%，高于黄色种子亲本系（44%）。DH系群体的脂肪含量在44%至51%之间。总生育酚含量在460至602毫克/千克之间，α-T/γ-T比值在0.66至1.09之间。在亲本系H2-26和Z-114中，总生育酚含量分别为534和525毫克/千克，但α-T/γ-T比值分别为0.81和1.21。黄色种子亲本系（Z-114）的PC-8含量（81毫克/千克）高于黑色种子亲本系H2-26（58毫克/千克）。两个群体种子中总植物甾醇含量的最大部分是β-谷甾醇，含量在976至2148毫克/千克之间，其次是菜油甾醇，含量在636至1364毫克/千克之间，以及油菜甾醇，含量在375至678毫克/千克之间。总生育酚含量在462至595毫克/千克之间（群体HxZ）和460至602毫克/千克之间（群体ZxH）。种子颜色与α-T（r = 0.38，p < 0.01）、γ-T（r = -0.34，p < 0.01）和PC-8含量（r = 0.29，p < 0.01）之间存在显著正相关。未发现种子颜色与总生育酚和总植物甾醇含量之间的相关性。
考虑到两个群体双单倍体之间的遗传变异范围，所选的DH系可能是进一步育种计划的良好亲本，这些计划旨在提高油菜籽油的产量和改善其质量。然而，还将进行进一步研究以确定环境对菜籽油中生物活性化合物的影响。亲本DH系的杂交方向（黄色和黑色种子）对其群体中双单倍体在平均脂肪、生育三烯酚和植物甾醇含量方面的多样性有一定影响，尽管在统计学上不显著。
