South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou, 510275, China.
Department of Biology, University of Texas at Tyler , Tyler, Texas 75799, United States.
Environ Sci Technol. 2017 Feb 7;51(3):1848-1858. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.6b05566. Epub 2017 Jan 25.
We assessed the spatiotemporal trends of the concentrations of 11 heavy metals (HMs) in the liver and kidney of Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins (Sousa chinensis) from western Pearl River Estuary (PRE) during 2004-2015. The hepatic levels of Cr, As, and Cu in these dolphins were among the highest reported for cetaceans globally, and the levels of Zn, Cu, and Hg were sufficiently high to cause toxicological effects in some of the animals. Between same age-sex groups, dolphins from Lingdingyang were significantly more contaminated with Hg, Se, and V than those from the West-four region, while the opposite was true for Cd. Generalized additive mixed models showed that most metals had significant but dissimilar temporal trends over a 10-year period. The concentrations of Cu and Zn increased significantly in recent years, corresponding to the high input of these metals in the region. Body-length-adjusted Cd levels peaked in 2012, accompanied by the highest annual number of dolphin stranding events. In contrast to the significant decrease in HM levels in the dolphins in Hong Kong waters (the eastern reaches of the PRE), the elevated metal exposure in the western PRE raises serious concerns.
我们评估了 2004-2015 年期间来自珠江口西部（PRE）中华白海豚（Sousa chinensis）肝脏和肾脏中 11 种重金属（HMs）浓度的时空趋势。这些海豚肝脏中 Cr、As 和 Cu 的含量在全球鲸目动物中属于最高水平之列，而 Zn、Cu 和 Hg 的含量则高到足以对部分动物造成毒理学影响。在相同年龄和性别的组别中，来自伶仃洋的海豚体内的 Hg、Se 和 V 含量明显高于来自西部四个区域的海豚，而 Cd 则相反。广义加性混合模型显示，在过去的 10 年中，大多数金属都呈现出显著但不同的时间趋势。Cu 和 Zn 的浓度近年来显著增加，这与该地区这两种金属的高输入量相对应。体长校正后的 Cd 水平在 2012 年达到峰值，同期也是海豚搁浅事件数量最多的一年。与香港水域（PRE 的东部）中华白海豚体内重金属水平的显著下降形成鲜明对比的是，珠江口西部 PRE 中升高的金属暴露水平引起了严重的关注。
