a Department of Animal Sciences , Chungbuk National University , Cheongju , Korea.
b Department of Laboratory Animal , College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University , Changchun , China.
Cell Cycle. 2017 Oct 2;16(19):1774-1780. doi: 10.1080/15384101.2016.1264544. Epub 2017 Jan 11.
Unlike somatic cells mitosis, germ cell meiosis consists of 2 consecutive rounds of division that segregate homologous chromosomes and sister chromatids, respectively. The meiotic oocyte is characterized by an absence of centrioles and asymmetric division. Centriolin is a relatively novel centriolar protein that functions in mitotic cell cycle progression and cytokinesis. Here, we explored the function of centriolin in meiosis and showed that it is localized to meiotic spindles and concentrated at the spindle poles and midbody during oocyte meiotic maturation. Unexpectedly, knockdown of centriolin in oocytes with either siRNA or Morpholino micro-injection, did not affect meiotic spindle organization, cell cycle progression, or cytokinesis (as indicated by polar body emission), but led to a failure of peripheral meiotic spindle migration, large polar body emission, and 2-cell like oocytes. These data suggest that, unlike in mitotic cells, the centriolar protein centriolin does not regulate cytokinesis, but plays an important role in regulating asymmetric division of meiotic oocytes.
与体细胞有丝分裂不同，生殖细胞减数分裂包括 2 个连续的分裂过程，分别分离同源染色体和姐妹染色单体。减数分裂的卵母细胞的特征是没有中心粒和不对称分裂。中心体蛋白是一种相对较新的中心粒蛋白，在有丝分裂细胞周期进展和胞质分裂中起作用。在这里，我们研究了中心体蛋白在减数分裂中的功能，并表明它定位于减数分裂纺锤体中，并在卵母细胞减数分裂成熟过程中集中在纺锤体两极和中间体。出乎意料的是，用 siRNA 或 Morpholino 微注射敲低卵母细胞中的中心体蛋白，不会影响减数分裂纺锤体的组织、细胞周期的进展或胞质分裂（如极体排放所示），但导致外周减数分裂纺锤体迁移失败、大极体排放和类似 2 细胞的卵母细胞。这些数据表明，与有丝分裂细胞不同，中心粒蛋白中心体蛋白不调节胞质分裂，而是在调节减数分裂卵母细胞的不对称分裂中起重要作用。
