The Evaluation of the Effect of Herbal Extract on Osteoarthritis: and Study.

In this study, the anti-osteoarthritis effects of , , and extract (CPAE), observed and confirmed in previously clinical studies were further investigated by and studies. Anabolic biomarkers related to healthy cartilage maintenance, such as , type II collagen α-1 (), sex determining region Y-box-9 (), and catabolic biomarkers related to osteoarthritis, such as cyclooxygenase-2 (), matrix metalloproteinase-13 (), and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (), were evaluated by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and reporter gene assay. study results showed significant changes in both anabolic and catabolic biomarkers. For anabolic factors, significant changes in the level of (<0.05), (<0.05), and (<0.01) activation were shown after treatment of cartilage cells with CPAE (50 ng/mL) with similar efficacy compared to insulin growth factor, the positive control (100 ng/mL). For catabolic factors, significant changes in the inhibition activity of (<0.05), (<0.01), and (<0.05) were shown for CPAE (50 ng/mL) with similar efficacy compared to Celecoxib, the positive control (10 μM). In the carrageenan-induced paw edema model study results showed that CPAE-treated groups (100 mg/kg) and Celecoxib-treated groups (60 mg/kg) showed comparably significant efficacy of inhibition by 37.1% and 52.1%, respectively. Furthermore, CPAE (200 mg/kg) showed similar effect to Celecoxib (60 mg/kg) with an inhibition rate of 54.3%. This result confirms that CPAE effectively inhibited the inflammation-induced osteoarthritis symptoms.