Kwo Elizabeth, Christiani David
aDepartment of Environmental Health (Environmental and Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology Program), Harvard School of Public Health bPulmonary and Critical Care Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2017 Mar;23(2):173-176. doi: 10.1097/MCP.0000000000000364.
The interplay between genetic susceptibilities and environmental exposures in the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases is an area of increased scientific, epidemiologic, and social interest. Given the variation in methodologies used in the field, this review aims to create a framework to help understand occupational exposures as they currently exist and provide a foundation for future inquiries into the biological mechanisms of the gene-environment interactions. Understanding of this complex interplay will be important in the context of occupational health, given the public health concerns surrounding a variety of occupational exposures.
Studies found evidence that suggest genetics influence the progression of disease postberyllium exposure through genetically encoded major histocompatibility complex, class II, DP alpha 2 (HLA-DP2)-peptide complexes as it relates to T-helper cells. This was characterized at the molecular level by the accumulation of Be-responsive CD4 T cells in the lung, which resulted in posttranslational change in the HLA-DPB1 complex.
These studies provide important evidence of gene-environment association, and many provide insights into specific pathogenic mechanisms. The following includes a review of the literature regarding gene-environment associations with a focus on pulmonary diseases as they relate to the workplace.
多种疾病发病机制中遗传易感性与环境暴露之间的相互作用是一个在科学、流行病学及社会层面愈发受关注的领域。鉴于该领域所采用方法的多样性，本综述旨在构建一个框架，以助于理解当前存在的职业暴露情况，并为未来探究基因 - 环境相互作用的生物学机制奠定基础。鉴于围绕多种职业暴露的公共卫生问题，了解这种复杂的相互作用在职业健康背景下至关重要。
研究发现证据表明，遗传因素通过与T辅助细胞相关的遗传编码的主要组织相容性复合体II类DPα2（HLA - DP2） - 肽复合物影响铍暴露后疾病的进展。这在分子水平上表现为肺中对铍有反应的CD4 T细胞的积累，导致HLA - DPB1复合体发生翻译后变化。
这些研究提供了基因 - 环境关联的重要证据，许多研究还深入探讨了具体的致病机制。以下是对有关基因 - 环境关联的文献综述，重点关注与工作场所相关的肺部疾病。
