Marques Leandro N, Pizzutti Ionara R, Balardin Ricardo S, Dos Santos Ingrid D, Dias Jonatan V, Stefanello Marlon T, Serafini Pablo T
a Department of Plant Protection , Center of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria , Santa Maria , RS , Brazil.
b Chemistry Department , Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria , Santa Maria , RS , Brazil.
J Environ Sci Health B. 2017 Apr 3;52(4):244-250. doi: 10.1080/03601234.2016.1270682. Epub 2017 Jan 12.
Mycotoxins occurrence in wheat grains impose risks to human and animal health. The southern Brazil has favorable weather conditions for Fusarium graminearum infections and consequently for mycotoxins accumulation on grains. The goal of this study was to evaluate the behavior of new wheat commercial genotypes to Fusarium Head Blight (FHB), to control performance of new fungicide formulations and their relationship with mycotoxins concentration in grains. The manly mycotoxin occurrence on wheat grains in southern Brazil was deoxynivalenol (DON). Two cultivars showed high DON concentration above the tolerance limits (>3000 μg kg). Many other mycotoxins monitored presented concentrations below method detection limit. Satisfactory levels of fungicide effectiveness were achieved against F. graminearum. Some fungicides promoted a satisfactory decrease on DON accumulation in grains. The best results were obtained when prothioconazole was present. SDHI (Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors) + QoI (Quinone outside inhibitors) fungicides showed benefic effects at FHB control at field, but it did not promote satisfactory reduction on DON contamination. Fungicides can be used satisfactory for FHB control and reduce DON contamination in grains in southern Brazil. The presence of prothioconazole should be recommended. Some genotypes showed high DON concentration and it was not directly related with FHB severity at field.
小麦籽粒中霉菌毒素的存在对人类和动物健康构成风险。巴西南部气候条件有利于禾谷镰刀菌感染,进而导致霉菌毒素在籽粒上积累。本研究的目的是评估新型小麦商业基因型对赤霉病(FHB)的抗性、新型杀菌剂配方的防治效果及其与籽粒中霉菌毒素浓度的关系。巴西南部小麦籽粒中主要的霉菌毒素是脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)。两个品种的DON浓度高于耐受限度(>3000 μg/kg)。监测的许多其他霉菌毒素浓度低于方法检测限。杀菌剂对禾谷镰刀菌的防治效果令人满意。一些杀菌剂能使籽粒中DON的积累量显著降低。使用丙硫菌唑时效果最佳。琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂(SDHI)+醌外抑制剂(QoI)类杀菌剂在田间对赤霉病的防治有有益效果,但对DON污染的降低效果不令人满意。在巴西南部,杀菌剂可用于有效防治赤霉病并减少籽粒中的DON污染。建议使用含有丙硫菌唑的产品。一些基因型的DON浓度较高,且与田间赤霉病严重程度无直接关系。
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