Campos A M, Dos Santos C L C, Stumpp R, Da Silva L H D, Maia R A, Paglia A P, Andrade Filho J D
Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Avenida Augusto de Lima, 1715 Barro Preto, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, CEP 30190-002, Brasil (
Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627 Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brasil (
J Med Entomol. 2017 Jan;54(1):100-105. doi: 10.1093/jme/tjw135. Epub 2016 Aug 23.
Caves are unique habitats that are inhabited by a diverse and singular biota. Among these inhabitants are sand flies, which are of great epidemiological interest in the Neotropical region because they are vectors of Leishmania The period of activity of these insects is usually crepuscular and nocturnal, but there are reports of diurnal activity of sand flies in caves. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the periodicity of daily activity of sand flies in cave environments in the municipality of Pains, Minas Gerais. Sand flies were collected with light traps, which were operated for 5 consecutive days in the rainy season and in the dry season. Samples were collected every 12 h and separated between photophase and scotophase periods. In total, 1,777 sand flies of 23 species were collected. The most abundant species was Lutzomyia renei (Martins, Falcão, and Silva) (44%), followed by Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz and Neiva) (15%), Evandromyia edwardsi (Mangabeira) (11%), and Micropygomyia quinquefer (Costa Lima) (6%). The richness and abundance of total sand flies and the abundance of male and female sand flies in the aphotic zone of the caves did not differ between the photophase and scotophase, but differed between photoperiods at the entrance and at sites surrounding the caves. From our study of the daily activity of these insects in this ecotope, it will be possible to know which period of the day is of greatest risk of exposure of vertebrates who visit or live in these environments, including the human population.
洞穴是独特的栖息地，栖息着多样且独特的生物群落。这些生物群落中有白蛉，在新热带地区，白蛉具有重大的流行病学意义，因为它们是利什曼原虫的传播媒介。这些昆虫的活动期通常是黄昏和夜间，但有报道称洞穴中的白蛉有日间活动。因此，本研究的目的是评估米纳斯吉拉斯州派恩斯市洞穴环境中白蛉的每日活动周期。使用诱虫灯收集白蛉，在雨季和旱季连续运行5天。每12小时采集一次样本，并在光照期和暗期之间进行分离。总共收集了23种1777只白蛉。最丰富的物种是雷内卢蛉（马丁斯、法尔考和席尔瓦）（44%），其次是长须卢蛉（卢茨和内瓦）（15%）、爱德华兹伊蚊（曼加贝拉）（11%）和五刺微蚊（科斯塔·利马）（6%）。洞穴无光区白蛉的总数、丰富度以及雌雄白蛉的丰富度在光照期和暗期之间没有差异，但在洞穴入口处和洞穴周围地点的光周期之间存在差异。通过我们对这种生态环境中这些昆虫每日活动的研究，将有可能了解一天中的哪个时间段对于访问或生活在这些环境中的脊椎动物（包括人类）来说暴露风险最大。
