Manski Richard, Moeller John
Dental Public Health, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Int Dent J. 2017 Jun;67(3):133-138. doi: 10.1111/idj.12283. Epub 2017 Jan 12.
In this review we consider oral-health access among older adults within and between the USA and various European countries with regard to possible primary financial and modifiable secondary non-financial factors. For older adults, the likelihood of using dental services has been associated, in the health literature, with a multiplicity of factors. These factors are traditionally classified into predisposing, enabling and need categories, and can be further classified into modifiable and non-modifiable subcategories. This raises the question of which single factor or group of factors has the most influence in keeping older adults from seeking care, and how these influences might differ between the USA and various other (European) countries. As it turns out, there is variation in the magnitude of effects across certain measurable potential barriers, but generally it takes a combination of characteristics associated with non-use to have a substantial impact.
在本综述中，我们考虑了美国与多个欧洲国家内部及之间老年人的口腔健康可及性，涉及可能的主要财务因素和可改变的次要非财务因素。在健康文献中，对于老年人而言，使用牙科服务的可能性与多种因素相关。这些因素传统上分为易患因素、促成因素和需求因素，并且可以进一步细分为可改变和不可改变的子类别。这就引出了一个问题，即哪个单一因素或因素组对老年人寻求护理的阻碍影响最大，以及这些影响在美国和其他（欧洲）国家之间可能存在怎样的差异。事实证明，某些可衡量的潜在障碍的影响程度存在差异，但一般来说，需要多种与不使用相关的特征组合才能产生实质性影响。
