Mahmood Hashum, Lowe Susan
Service Manager - Public Health Intelligence, Public Health, Birmingham City Council, Birmingham, UK.
Honorary Lecturer Public Health Staffordshire University.
Perspect Public Health. 2017 May;137(3):190-195. doi: 10.1177/1757913916687000. Epub 2017 Jan 13.
The aims of this study are threefold: (1) to investigate the relationship between socio-economic status (inequality) and childhood obesity prevalence within Birmingham local authority, (2) to identify any change in childhood obesity prevalence between deprivation quintiles and (3) to analyse individualised Birmingham National Child Measurement Programme (NCMP) data using a population segmentation tool to better inform obesity prevention strategies.
Data from the NCMP for Birmingham (2010/2011 and 2014/2015) were analysed using the deprivation scores from the Income Domain Affecting Children Index (IDACI 2010). The percentage of children with excess weight was calculated for each local deprivation quintile. Population segmentation was carried out using the Experian's Mosaic Public Sector 6 (MPS6) segmentation tool.
Childhood obesity levels have remained static at the national and Birmingham level. For Year 6 pupils, obesity levels have increased in the most deprived deprivation quintiles for boys and girls. The most affluent quintile shows a decreasing trend of obesity prevalence for boys and girls in both year groups. For the middle quintiles, the results show fluctuating trends.
This research highlighted the link in Birmingham between obesity and socio-economic factors with the gap increasing between deprivation quintiles. Obesity is a complex problem that cannot simply be addressed through targeting most deprived populations, rather through a range of effective interventions tailored for the various population segments that reside within communities. Using population segmentation enables a more nuanced understanding of the potential barriers and levers within populations on their readiness for change. The segmentation of childhood obesity data will allow utilisation of social marketing methodology that will facilitate identification of suitable methods for interventions and motivate individuals to sustain behavioural change. Sequentially, it will also inform policy makers to commission the most appropriate interventions.
本研究有三个目的：（1）调查伯明翰地方当局内社会经济地位（不平等）与儿童肥胖患病率之间的关系；（2）确定贫困五分位数之间儿童肥胖患病率的任何变化；（3）使用人口细分工具分析伯明翰个性化国家儿童测量计划（NCMP）数据，以更好地为肥胖预防策略提供信息。
使用影响儿童指数收入领域（IDACI 2010）的贫困得分分析伯明翰NCMP（2010/2011年和2014/2015年）的数据。计算每个地方贫困五分位数中超重儿童的百分比。使用益百利的Mosaic公共部门6（MPS6）细分工具进行人口细分。
全国和伯明翰的儿童肥胖水平保持不变。对于六年级学生，最贫困的贫困五分位数中男孩和女孩的肥胖水平有所上升。最富裕的五分位数显示，两个年级组中男孩和女孩的肥胖患病率呈下降趋势。对于中间五分位数，结果显示出波动趋势。
本研究突出了伯明翰肥胖与社会经济因素之间的联系，贫困五分位数之间的差距在扩大。肥胖是一个复杂的问题，不能简单地通过针对最贫困人群来解决，而应通过为社区内的不同人群量身定制一系列有效干预措施来解决。使用人口细分能够更细致地了解人群中对改变的准备情况的潜在障碍和推动因素。儿童肥胖数据的细分将允许利用社会营销方法，这将有助于确定合适的干预方法，并激励个人维持行为改变。随后，这也将为政策制定者提供信息，以便委托实施最合适的干预措施。
