Gross T S, Bunch R P
Converse Biomechanics Laboratory, North Reading, MA 01864.
J Biomech. 1989;22(6-7):699-703. doi: 10.1016/0021-9290(89)90020-1.
The distribution of force beneath the plantar foot surface during shod distance running, a kinetic descriptor of locomotion not previously reported, was recorded for ten rearfoot striking runners. Normal discrete stresses were assessed while the subjects ran on a treadmill at 2.98, 3.58, and 4.47 ms-1, with eight piezoceramic transducers secured inside the left shoe. Between 2.98 and 4.47 ms-1, mean peak stress increased significantly beneath the calcaneus (303.9-426.6 kPa), second metatarsal head (633.5-730.5 kPa), and hallux (575.1-712.4 kPa). Calcaneal stresses were notable for their rapid loading rate, averaging 10.1 kPa (ms)-1 at 3.58 ms-1. Highest stresses were measured beneath the second and third metatarsal heads and hallux. Peak first metatarsal head stress was less than peak second and third metatarsal head stresses in each of the 30 combinations of subjects and running speeds. However, lower stresses do not necessarily imply lower forces, as the force bearing surface area of each metatarsal head must be considered.
在穿着鞋子进行长跑时，足底表面下方的力分布情况（这是一种此前未被报道过的运动动力学描述指标）被记录下来，针对十名后足着地的跑步者。当受试者在跑步机上以2.98、3.58和4.47米每秒的速度跑步时，通过固定在左鞋内的八个压电陶瓷传感器来评估正常离散应力。在2.98至4.47米每秒之间，跟骨下方（303.9 - 426.6千帕）、第二跖骨头下方（633.5 - 730.5千帕）和拇趾下方（575.1 - 712.4千帕）的平均峰值应力显著增加。跟骨应力的加载速率很快，在3.58米每秒时平均为10.1千帕/毫秒。最高应力出现在第二和第三跖骨头以及拇趾下方。在受试者和跑步速度的30种组合中，第一跖骨头的峰值应力均小于第二和第三跖骨头的峰值应力。然而，较低的应力并不一定意味着力较小，因为必须考虑每个跖骨头的受力表面积。
