Section for Oral Medicine, Clinical Oral Physiology, Oral Pathology and Anatomy, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 20 Noerre Allé, 2200, Copenhagen N, DK, Denmark.
National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Gentofte University Hospital, 28 Kildegaardsvej, 2900, Hellerup, DK, Denmark.
Clin Oral Investig. 2017 Nov;21(8):2543-2551. doi: 10.1007/s00784-017-2053-y. Epub 2017 Jan 13.
Dental materials and oral hygiene products may be responsible for oral contact allergic reactions. We aimed to determine the occurrence of allergies in patients with symptomatic oral lichen planus (OLP), oral lichenoid lesions (OLLs) and stomatitis and investigate if patch testing could identify contact allergies to dental materials and oral hygiene products in these patients.
Forty-nine patients (7 men, 42 women) aged 31 to 77 years (61 ± 10.3 years) with symptomatic OLP, OLL or stomatitis and 29 healthy age- and gender-matched control subjects were included. They underwent an interview, clinical examination, oral mucosal biopsy and epicutan testing to the European baseline series, a toothpaste and dental material series.
Nineteen patients had OLP, 19 OLL and 11stomatitis. Oral burning/itching was the most common symptom (83.7%), and 65.3% patients had more than one symptom. Patients visited their dentist more often than the healthy subjects and had statistically higher DMF-T and DMF-S scores. Nineteen patients (38.8%) and 10 healthy control subjects (34.5%) had allergic contact reactions primarily to fragrance ingredients. No differences could be found between OLP, OLL, stomatitis and healthy controls with regard to allergic contact reactions. However, contact allergy to aroma substances differed significantly between the patients and the healthy control subjects (p = 0.02). This type of contact allergy was most common in patients with OLP and OLL (p = 0.01). Avoidance cleared symptoms in all cases.
CONCLUSION/CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Allergic reactions to aroma substances in oral hygiene products are common in patients with symptomatic OLP, OLL and stomatitis.
牙科材料和口腔卫生产品可能是引起口腔接触过敏反应的原因。我们旨在确定有症状的口腔扁平苔藓（OLP）、口腔类扁平苔藓病变（OLL）和口炎患者的过敏发生率，并探讨斑贴试验是否可以识别这些患者对牙科材料和口腔卫生产品的接触过敏。
共纳入 49 名（男 7 名，女 42 名）年龄 31 至 77 岁（61±10.3 岁）的有症状的 OLP、OLL 或口炎患者和 29 名年龄和性别匹配的健康对照者。他们接受了访谈、临床检查、口腔黏膜活检和欧洲基本系列、牙膏和牙科材料系列的皮肤贴斑试验。
19 名患者患有 OLP，19 名患者患有 OLL，11 名患者患有口炎。口腔烧灼感/瘙痒是最常见的症状（83.7%），65.3%的患者有不止一种症状。与健康对照组相比，患者更频繁地看牙医，DMF-T 和 DMF-S 评分更高。19 名患者（38.8%）和 10 名健康对照组（34.5%）对主要为香料成分的过敏接触反应呈阳性。OLP、OLL、口炎和健康对照组之间在过敏接触反应方面未发现差异。然而，患者与健康对照组之间对芳香物质的接触过敏差异有统计学意义（p=0.02）。这种类型的接触过敏在 OLP 和 OLL 患者中最为常见（p=0.01）。所有病例均通过避免接触症状得到缓解。
结论/临床相关性：在有症状的 OLP、OLL 和口炎患者中，口腔卫生产品中芳香物质的过敏反应很常见。
