Sagol Department of Neurobiology, University of Haifa, 199 Aba-Hushi Avenue, 3498838 Haifa, Israel; The Institute for the Study of Affective Neuroscience (ISAN), 199 Aba-Hushi Avenue, 3498838 Haifa, Israel; Department of Genetics & Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
Department of Genetics & Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2017 Mar;74(Pt A):21-43. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.01.005. Epub 2017 Jan 11.
ALBRECHT, A., MÜLLER, I., ARDI, Z., ÇALIŞKAN, G., GRUBER, D., IVENS, S., SEGAL, M., BEHR, J., HEINEMANN, U., STORK, O., and RICHTER-LEVIN, G. Neurobiological consequences of juvenile stress: A GABAergic perspective on risk and resilience. NEUROSCI BIOBEHAV REV XXX-XXX, 2016.- Childhood adversity is among the most potent risk factors for developing mood and anxiety disorders later in life. Therefore, understanding how stress during childhood shapes and rewires the brain may optimize preventive and therapeutic strategies for these disorders. To this end, animal models of stress exposure in rodents during their post-weaning and pre-pubertal life phase have been developed. Such 'juvenile stress' has a long-lasting impact on mood and anxiety-like behavior and on stress coping in adulthood, accompanied by alterations of the GABAergic system within core regions for the stress processing such as the amygdala, prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. While many regionally diverse molecular and electrophysiological changes are observed, not all of them correlate with juvenile stress-induced behavioral disturbances. It rather seems that certain juvenile stress-induced alterations reflect the system's attempts to maintain homeostasis and thus promote stress resilience. Analysis tools such as individual behavioral profiling may allow the association of behavioral and neurobiological alterations more clearly and the dissection of alterations related to the pathology from those related to resilience.
ALBRECHT, A., MÜLLER, I., ARDI, Z., ÇALIŞKAN, G., GRUBER, D., IVENS, S., SEGAL, M., BEHR, J., HEINEMANN, U., STORK, O., and RICHTER-LEVIN, G. 青少年压力的神经生物学后果：风险和弹性的 GABA 能观点。神经生物行为评论 XXX-XXX, 2016。- 童年逆境是导致成年后患情绪和焦虑障碍的最有力风险因素之一。因此，了解童年时期的压力如何塑造和重塑大脑，可能会优化这些障碍的预防和治疗策略。为此，已经开发了在啮齿动物的断奶后和青春期前生命阶段期间暴露于压力的动物模型。这种“青少年压力”对成年期的情绪和焦虑样行为以及应激应对有持久影响，并伴有杏仁核、前额叶皮层和海马等应激处理核心区域内 GABA 能系统的改变。虽然观察到许多区域多样化的分子和电生理变化，但并非所有变化都与青少年压力引起的行为障碍相关。似乎某些青少年压力引起的改变反映了系统维持内稳态的尝试，从而促进了应激弹性。分析工具，如个体行为分析，可能会更清楚地关联行为和神经生物学改变，并区分与病理学相关的改变与与弹性相关的改变。
