da Silva Kaitiana Martins, de Sá Cristina Dos Santos Cardoso, Carvalho Raquel
Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil.
Movement Science Department, Federal University of São, Brazil.
Early Hum Dev. 2017 Feb;105:7-10. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2016.12.013. Epub 2017 Jan 13.
This study of a prospective and cross-sectional nature compared the motor and cognitive development of HIV-exposed and unexposed infants in their first 18months of age. 40 infants exposed to HIV and antiretroviral therapy (Experimental Group - EG) and 40 unexposed infants (Control Group - CG) participated in the study. They were divided into four age groups of 4, 8, 12 and 18months old, with 10 infants from EG and 10 from CG in each group. The infants were evaluated once on motor and cognitive development by the Bayley Scale of Infant and Toddler Development. Performance category grading and comparisons among scaled score, composite score and percentile rank were held. There was significant group effect for scores in motor and cognitive domains showing lower scores for EG regardless of age. In comparison to the CG, the EG presented lower scores for cognitive domain at 8 and 18months. In the performance categories, all infants were classified at or above the average for motor and cognitive development, except of one EG-18month old infant classified as borderline for motor development. Infants exposed to HIV and antiretroviral therapy own adequate cognitive and motor development in the first 18months. However, the lower scores found, particularly on the 8th and 18th month for cognitive development, may indicate future problems, highlighting the need for systematic follow-up of this population.
这项前瞻性横断面研究比较了暴露于HIV和未暴露于HIV的婴儿在其18个月大之前的运动和认知发育情况。40名暴露于HIV且接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的婴儿（实验组 - EG）和40名未暴露于HIV的婴儿（对照组 - CG）参与了该研究。他们被分为4个年龄组，分别为4个月、8个月、12个月和18个月大，每组中有10名来自实验组的婴儿和10名来自对照组的婴儿。通过贝利婴幼儿发展量表对婴儿的运动和认知发育进行了一次评估。进行了表现类别分级以及量表分数、综合分数和百分位排名之间的比较。在运动和认知领域的得分存在显著的组间效应，表明无论年龄大小，实验组的得分都较低。与对照组相比，实验组在8个月和18个月时认知领域的得分较低。在表现类别中，所有婴儿在运动和认知发育方面均被归类为平均水平及以上，但有一名18个月大的实验组婴儿在运动发育方面被归类为临界水平。暴露于HIV且接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的婴儿在18个月大之前具有足够的认知和运动发育。然而，所发现的较低得分，尤其是在认知发育的第8个月和第18个月时，可能预示着未来的问题，这突出表明需要对这一人群进行系统的随访。
