Pardo-Hernandez Hector, Urrútia Gerard, Meerpohl Joerg J, Marušić Ana, Wager Elizabeth, Bonfill Xavier
Iberoamerican Cochrane Centre, Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.
CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain.
J Eval Clin Pract. 2018 Feb;24(1):72-79. doi: 10.1111/jep.12692. Epub 2017 Jan 16.
RATIONALE, AIMS, AND OBJECTIVES: Several studies have found that about half of research results from clinical trials are never published. Until now, there has been little information on the views that funding agencies of biomedical research in Europe have regarding this issue and its possible solutions.
An electronic survey was conducted among funding agencies from 34 European countries. Participants were asked about their opinions, policies, and potential solutions regarding dissemination bias. On the basis of the results of this survey and the input of the OPEN Consortium and of representatives of stakeholder groups in the knowledge generation process, we formulated recommendations for funding agencies to reduce dissemination bias.
We received responses from 64 funding agencies of biomedical medicine from most European countries, out of 245 that were contacted (26%). Of these, 56 funded research at the national and/or international level and were therefore eligible to participate. Policies encouraging publication increased over time: 33 (58.9%) of agencies enforced them in 2005 compared to 38 (67.6%) in 2012. However, only 13 (23.2%) had knowledge of the publications related to research funded in 2005, 23 (41.1%) were able to provide only an estimate, and 20 (35.7%) did not know at all. Regarding recommendations to control dissemination bias, we propose that funding agencies request the dissemination of research results irrespective of the direction of findings. We also call for measures that allow evaluating funded projects past the contractual period and until dissemination of results. Funding agencies should create publicly accessible databases with information on funded projects and dissemination efforts.
Despite having policies to encourage publication of results, most funding agencies fail to implement such measures or to ensure compliance. We propose recommendations that could be incorporated in the blueprint of calls for proposals and contracts agreed upon by funding agencies and grant recipients.
原理、目的和目标：多项研究发现，临床试验的研究结果约有一半从未发表。到目前为止，关于欧洲生物医学研究资助机构对这个问题及其可能解决方案的看法，几乎没有相关信息。
对来自34个欧洲国家的资助机构进行了电子调查。询问了参与者关于传播偏倚的意见、政策和潜在解决方案。基于这项调查的结果以及开放联盟和知识生成过程中利益相关者群体代表的意见，我们为资助机构制定了减少传播偏倚的建议。
在联系的245家资助机构中，我们收到了来自大多数欧洲国家的64家生物医学资助机构的回复（26%）。其中，56家在国家和/或国际层面资助研究，因此有资格参与。鼓励发表的政策随着时间的推移有所增加：2005年有33家机构（58.9%）执行这些政策，而2012年有38家机构（67.6%）执行。然而，只有13家机构（23.2%）了解2005年资助研究的相关出版物，23家机构（41.1%）只能提供估计数字，20家机构（35.7%）完全不知道。关于控制传播偏倚的建议，我们提议资助机构要求无论研究结果的方向如何都要传播研究结果。我们还呼吁采取措施，以便在合同期过后直至结果传播之前对资助项目进行评估。资助机构应创建可公开访问的数据库，其中包含有关资助项目和传播工作的信息。
尽管有鼓励公布结果的政策，但大多数资助机构未能实施这些措施或确保合规。我们提出了一些建议，这些建议可纳入资助机构和受资助者商定的提案征集和合同蓝图中。
