Janssen Kasper, Berentsen Paul, Besson Mathieu, Komen Hans
Animal Breeding and Genomics, Wageningen University and Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Business Economics Group, Wageningen University and Research, Hollandseweg 1, 6706 KN, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Genet Sel Evol. 2017 Jan 5;49(1):5. doi: 10.1186/s12711-016-0278-x.
In breeding programs for aquaculture species, breeding goal traits are often weighted based on the desired gains but economic gain would be higher if economic values were used instead. The objectives of this study were: (1) to develop a bio-economic model to derive economic values for aquaculture species, (2) to apply the model to determine the economic importance and economic values of traits in a case-study on gilthead seabream, and (3) to validate the model by comparison with a profit equation for a simplified production system.
A bio-economic model was developed to simulate a grow-out farm for gilthead seabream, and then used to simulate gross margin at the current levels of the traits and after one genetic standard deviation change in each trait with the other traits remaining unchanged. Economic values were derived for the traits included in the breeding goal: thermal growth coefficient (TGC), thermal feed intake coefficient (TFC), mortality rate (M), and standard deviation of harvest weight ([Formula: see text]). For a simplified production system, improvement in TGC was assumed to affect harvest weight instead of growing period. Using the bio-economic model and a profit equation, economic values were derived for harvest weight, cumulative feed intake at harvest, and overall survival.
Changes in gross margin showed that the order of economic importance of the traits was: TGC, TFC, M, and [Formula: see text]. Economic values in € (kg production) (trait unit) were: 0.40 for TGC, -0.45 for TFC, -7.7 for M, and -0.0011 to -0.0010 for [Formula: see text]. For the simplified production system, similar economic values were obtained with the bio-economic model and the profit equation. The advantage of the profit equation is its simplicity, while that of the bio-economic model is that it can be applied to any aquaculture species, because it can include any limiting factor and/or environmental condition that affects production.
We confirmed the validity of the bio-economic model. TGC is the most important trait to improve, followed by TFC and M, and the effect of [Formula: see text] on gross margin is small.
在水产养殖品种的育种计划中，育种目标性状通常根据预期增益进行加权，但如果使用经济价值，经济收益会更高。本研究的目的是：（1）开发一个生物经济模型，以得出水产养殖品种的经济价值；（2）应用该模型确定金头鲷案例研究中各性状的经济重要性和经济价值；（3）通过与简化生产系统的利润方程进行比较来验证该模型。
开发了一个生物经济模型来模拟金头鲷养成场，然后用于模拟各性状当前水平下的毛利率，以及每个性状在其他性状保持不变的情况下发生一个遗传标准差变化后的毛利率。得出了育种目标中所包含性状的经济价值：热生长系数（TGC）、热采食量系数（TFC）、死亡率（M）和收获体重标准差（[公式：见原文]）。对于简化生产系统，假设TGC的改善会影响收获体重而非生长周期。使用生物经济模型和利润方程，得出了收获体重、收获时累计采食量和总体存活率的经济价值。
毛利率变化表明，各性状经济重要性的顺序为：TGC、TFC、M和[公式：见原文]。以欧元/（千克产量）（性状单位）表示的经济价值为：TGC为0.40，TFC为-0.45，M为-7.7，[公式：见原文]为-0.0011至-0.0010。对于简化生产系统，生物经济模型和利润方程得出了相似的经济价值。利润方程的优点是简单，而生物经济模型的优点是它可以应用于任何水产养殖品种，因为它可以包含任何影响生产的限制因素和/或环境条件。
我们证实了生物经济模型的有效性。TGC是需要改善的最重要性状，其次是TFC和M，[公式：见原文]对毛利率的影响较小。
