Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China..
Sci Total Environ. 2017 Apr 1;583:334-343. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.01.073. Epub 2017 Jan 15.
In this study, the concentrations of water soluble ions (WSI), organic carbon (OC), and elemental carbon (EC) of size-resolved (0.056-18μm) atmospheric aerosols were measured in July and August 2015 in Shanghai, China. Backward trajectory model and potential source contribution function (PSCF) model were used to identify the potential source distributions of size-resolved particles and PM-associated atmospheric inorganic and carbonaceous aerosols. The results showed that the average mass concentrations of PM, PM, and PM were 21.21, 82.90, and 100.1μgm in July and 7.00, 29.21, and 35.10μgm in August, respectively, indicating that the particulate matter pollution was more serious in July than in August in this study due to the strong dependence of the aerosol species on the air mass origins. The trajectory cluster analysis revealed that the air masses originated from heavily industrialized areas including the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region, the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region and the Beijing-Tianjin region were characterised with high OC and SO loadings. The results of PSCF showed that the pollution in July was mainly influenced by long-range transport while it was mainly associated to local and intra-regional transport in August. Besides the contributions of anthropogenic sources from YRD and PRD region, ship emissions from the East China Sea also made a great contribution to the high loadings of PM and PM-associated NO, NH, and EC in July. SO in Shanghai was dominantly ascribed to anthropogenic sources and the high PSCF values for PM-associated SO observed in August was mainly due to the ship emissions of Shanghai port, such as Wusong port and Yangshan deep-water port. These results indicated that the particulate pollutants from long-range transported air masses and shipping made a significant contribution to Shanghai's air pollution.
本研究于 2015 年 7 月和 8 月在中国上海采集了大气气溶胶中水溶性离子（WSI）、有机碳（OC）和元素碳（EC）的大小分辨（0.056-18μm）样本。利用后向轨迹模型和潜在源贡献函数（PSCF）模型，识别了大气无机和含碳气溶胶与 PM 相关的大小分辨颗粒的潜在源分布。结果表明，7 月和 8 月 PM、PM 和 PM 的质量浓度平均值分别为 21.21、82.90 和 100.1μg/m，表明由于大气物质起源强烈依赖于气溶胶种类，本研究中 7 月的颗粒物污染比 8 月更为严重。轨迹聚类分析显示，源自包括珠江三角洲（PRD）地区、长江三角洲（YRD）地区和京津冀地区在内的高度工业化地区的气团，具有高 OC 和 SO 负荷的特征。PSCF 的结果表明，7 月的污染主要受长距离传输的影响，而 8 月则主要与当地和区域内传输有关。除了 YRD 和 PRD 地区人为源的贡献外，东海的船舶排放也对 7 月 PM 和 PM 相关的高浓度 NO、NH 和 EC 负荷做出了巨大贡献。上海的 SO 主要归因于人为源，8 月观察到的 PM 相关 SO 的高 PSCF 值主要是由于上海港口（如吴淞港和洋山深水港）的船舶排放。这些结果表明，来自长距离传输气团和航运的颗粒物污染物对上海的空气污染有显著贡献。
