Cruz Yolanda, Hernández-Plata Isela, Lucio Rosa Angélica, Zempoalteca René, Castelán Francisco, Martínez-Gómez Margarita
Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la Conducta, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, México.
Maestría en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, México.
Neurourol Urodyn. 2017 Sep;36(7):1749-1756. doi: 10.1002/nau.23209. Epub 2017 Jan 19.
To determine the anatomical organization and somatic axonal components of the lumbosacral nerves in female rabbits.
Chinchilla adult anesthetized female rabbits were used. Anatomical, electrophysiological, and histological studies were performed.
L7, S1, and some fibers from S2 and S3 form the lumbosacral trunk, which gives origin to the sciatic nerve and innervation to the gluteal region. From S2 to S3 originates the pudendal nerve, whose branches innervates the striated anal and urethra sphincters, as well as the bulbospongiosus, ischiocavernosus, and constrictor vulvae muscles. The sensory field of the pudendal nerve is ∼1800 mm and is localized in the clitoral sheath and perineal and perigenital skin. The organization of the pudendal nerve varies between individuals, three patterns were identified, and one of them was present in 50% of the animals. From S3 emerge the pelvic nerve, which anastomoses to form a plexus localized between the vagina and the rectum. The innervation of the pelvic floor originates from S3 to S4 fibers.
Most of the sacral spinal nerves of rabbit are mixed, carrying sensory, and motor information. Sacral nerves innervate the hind limbs, pelvic viscera, clitoris, perineal muscles, inguinal and anal glands and perineal, perigenital, and rump skin. The detailed description of the sacral nerves organization, topography, and axonal components further the knowledge of the innervation in pelvic and perinal structures of the female rabbit. This information will be useful in future studies about the physiology and physiopathology of urinary, fecal, reproductive, and sexual functions.
确定雌性兔腰骶神经的解剖结构和躯体轴突成分。
使用成年麻醉的雌性龙猫兔。进行了解剖学、电生理学和组织学研究。
L7、S1以及S2和S3的一些纤维形成腰骶干，该干发出坐骨神经并支配臀区。从S2到S3发出阴部神经，其分支支配肛门和尿道横纹括约肌以及球海绵体肌、坐骨海绵体肌和阴门括约肌。阴部神经的感觉区域约为1800平方毫米，位于阴蒂包皮以及会阴和生殖器周围皮肤。阴部神经的结构在个体之间有所不同，识别出三种模式，其中一种模式在50%的动物中出现。从S3发出盆神经，该神经相互吻合形成一个位于阴道和直肠之间的神经丛。盆底的神经支配起源于S3至S4纤维。
兔的大多数骶神经是混合性的，携带感觉和运动信息。骶神经支配后肢、盆腔脏器、阴蒂、会阴肌、腹股沟腺和肛门腺以及会阴、生殖器周围和臀部皮肤。对骶神经结构、 topography和轴突成分的详细描述进一步加深了对雌性兔盆腔和会阴结构神经支配的了解。这些信息将有助于未来关于泌尿、排便、生殖和性功能的生理学和病理生理学研究。
