Patel Prashanti, Yadav Karuna, Ganapathi Thumballi R
Plant Cell Culture Technology Section, Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400 085. India.
Microrna. 2017;6(1):22-41. doi: 10.2174/2211536606666170117160338.
MicroRNAs are emerging players in plant development and response to stresses, both biotic and abiotic such as micronutrient deficiency. These small RNAs regulate cognate downstream targets either by transcript cleavage or translational inhibition. Micronutrient deficiencies lead to poor quality and yield of crops and impaired human health. Over the years several microRNAs have been identified which regulate expression of genes controlling uptake, mobilization and homeostasis of macronutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur to ensure sufficiency without toxicity. This review attempts to understand the roles played by micro RNAs involved in homeostasis of the micronutrients boron, manganese, zinc, copper, iron, molybdenum and nickel and the cross talk between them upon perception of nutritional stress. Notably and surprisingly, several micro RNAs are not specific for a particular micronutrient stress and the challenge remains to uncover ones (if any) that are directly relevant to the micronutrient. Current findings of this yet infant field could potentiate biotechnological applications towards biofortification, plant innate immunity and remedy heavy metal toxicity.
微小RNA在植物发育以及对生物和非生物胁迫（如微量营养素缺乏）的响应中逐渐发挥作用。这些小RNA通过转录本切割或翻译抑制来调控相关的下游靶标。微量营养素缺乏会导致作物品质和产量下降，并损害人类健康。多年来，已经鉴定出几种微小RNA，它们调控控制大量营养素（如氮、磷和硫）的吸收、转运和内稳态的基因表达，以确保充足供应且无毒性。本综述试图了解参与硼、锰、锌、铜、铁、钼和镍等微量营养素内稳态的微小RNA所起的作用，以及它们在感知营养胁迫时的相互作用。值得注意且令人惊讶的是，几种微小RNA并非特定于某一种微量营养素胁迫，而直接与微量营养素相关的微小RNA（如果存在）仍有待发现。这个新兴领域的当前研究结果可能会促进在生物强化、植物固有免疫和修复重金属毒性方面的生物技术应用。
