Nair Nikhil, Sreenivas M, Gupta Arun K, Kandasamy Devasenathipathy, Jana Manisha
Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Indian J Radiol Imaging. 2016 Oct-Dec;26(4):493-501. doi: 10.4103/0971-3026.195788.
Sonography is an ideal, effective, noninvasive tool for evaluation of the spinal cord in neonatal and early infantile age groups owing to lack of ossification of the posterior elements of spine. Understanding normal anatomical appearances is a prerequisite for the interpretation of various pathologies of the spinal canal and its contents. This review elucidates normal appearances of the spinal cord in this age group, in both axial and sagittal planes. Usefulness of Doppler sonography is briefly discussed, and special emphasis is placed on normal anatomical variants that may mimic spinal abnormalities. Sonographic appearances of common intraspinal pathologies, both congenital and acquired, are exhaustively described. Key points regarding sonographic diagnosis of important spinal anomalies are emphasized and explained in detail. To conclude, spinal ultrasound is a reliable and widely available screening tool, albeit the usefulness of which is often underestimated.
由于脊柱后部结构未骨化，超声检查是评估新生儿和婴儿早期脊髓的理想、有效且无创的工具。了解正常解剖表现是解读椎管及其内容物各种病变的先决条件。本综述阐述了该年龄组脊髓在轴位和矢状面的正常表现。简要讨论了多普勒超声的作用，并特别强调了可能模拟脊柱异常的正常解剖变异。详尽描述了常见的先天性和后天性椎管内病变的超声表现。重点强调并详细解释了重要脊柱异常的超声诊断要点。总之，脊柱超声是一种可靠且广泛可用的筛查工具，尽管其作用常常被低估。
