为Astro-H软X射线光谱仪研制的三级绝热去磁制冷机的运行模式及冷却能力

Operating Modes and Cooling Capabilities of the 3-Stage ADR Developed for the Soft-X-ray Spectrometer Instrument on Astro-H.

作者信息

Shirron Peter J, Kimball Mark O, James Bryan L, Muench Theo, DiPirro Michael J, Letmate Richard V, Sampson Michael A, Bialas Tom G, Sneiderman Gary A, Porter Frederick S, Kelley Richard L

机构信息

NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.

Bastion Technologies, 7515 Mission Drive, Suite 300 Lanham, MD 20706 USA.

出版信息

Cryogenics (Guildf). 2016 Mar 1;74:2-9. doi: 10.1016/j.cryogenics.2015.10.013.

DOI:10.1016/j.cryogenics.2015.10.013

PMID:28111478

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5240976/

Abstract

A 3-stage adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator (ADR)[1] is used on the Soft X-ray Spectrometer instrument[2] on Astro-H[3] to cool a 6×6 array of x-ray microcalorimeters to 50 mK. The ADR is supported by a cryogenic system[4] consisting of a superfluid helium tank, a 4.5 K Joule-Thomson (JT) cryocooler, and additional 2-stage Stirling cryocoolers that pre-cool the JT cooler and cool radiation shields within the cryostat. The ADR is configured so that it can use either the liquid helium or the JT cryocooler as its heat sink, giving the instrument an unusual degree of tolerance for component failures or degradation in the cryogenic system. The flight detector assembly, ADR and dewar were integrated into the flight dewar in early 2014, and have since been extensively characterized and calibrated. This paper summarizes the operation and performance of the ADR in all of its operating modes.

摘要

一台三级绝热去磁制冷机（ADR）[1]被用于“天体-H”[3]上的软X射线光谱仪[2]，将一个6×6阵列的X射线微热量计冷却至50 mK。ADR由一个低温系统[4]支撑，该低温系统包括一个超流氦罐、一台4.5 K焦耳-汤姆逊（JT）低温制冷机以及额外的两级斯特林低温制冷机，这些斯特林低温制冷机用于预冷JT制冷机并冷却低温恒温器内的辐射屏蔽。ADR的配置使其既可以使用液氦也可以使用JT低温制冷机作为其热沉，这使得该仪器对低温系统中的部件故障或性能退化具有非同寻常的耐受程度。飞行探测器组件、ADR和杜瓦瓶于2014年初被集成到飞行杜瓦瓶中，此后对其进行了广泛的特性描述和校准。本文总结了ADR在其所有运行模式下的运行情况和性能表现。