Somers Charisse, Goossens Joery, Engelborghs Sebastiaan, Bjerke Maria
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
Department of Neurology & Memory Clinic, Hospital Network Antwerp (ZNA) Middelheim & Hoge Beuken, Antwerp, Belgium.
Biomark Med. 2017 Feb;11(2):169-178. doi: 10.2217/bmm-2016-0276. Epub 2017 Jan 23.
Although the core cerebrospinal fluid Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau show a high diagnostic accuracy, there are still limitations due to overlap in the biomarker levels with other neurodegenerative and dementia disorders. During Aβ production and clearance in the brain, several other Aβ peptides and amyloid precursor protein fragments are formed that could potentially serve as biomarkers for this ongoing disease process. Therefore, this review will present the current status of the findings for amyloid precursor protein and Aβ peptide isoforms in AD and clinically related disorders. In conclusion, adding new Aβ isoforms to the AD biomarker panel may improve early differential diagnostic accuracy and increase the cerebrospinal fluid biomarker concordance with AD neuropathological findings in the brain.
尽管核心脑脊液阿尔茨海默病（AD）生物标志物淀粉样蛋白-β（Aβ）和tau显示出较高的诊断准确性，但由于生物标志物水平与其他神经退行性疾病和痴呆症存在重叠，仍存在局限性。在大脑中Aβ的产生和清除过程中，会形成其他几种Aβ肽和淀粉样前体蛋白片段，它们有可能作为这种进行性疾病过程的生物标志物。因此，本综述将介绍AD及临床相关疾病中淀粉样前体蛋白和Aβ肽亚型的研究现状。总之，在AD生物标志物组中增加新的Aβ亚型可能会提高早期鉴别诊断的准确性，并增加脑脊液生物标志物与大脑中AD神经病理学发现的一致性。
