Samal Kulbhushan, Mohanty Kaustubha, Das Chandan
Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India E-mail:
Water Sci Technol. 2017 Jan;75(2):427-438. doi: 10.2166/wst.2016.536.
In this study, a low-cost, sustainable biosorbent parthenium (P. hysterophorus L.) weed powder was investigated for the treatment of Pb contaminated wastewater. Physicochemical characteristics of the biosorbent were measured, namely, bulk density as 0.42 g cm, porosity as 45%, BET surface area as 20.79 m g, particle size as <125 μm, moisture content as 68% and point of zero charge as 5.6. The various parameters of biosorption process were examined. The maximum percentage removal of Pb ion achieved was 98.3% with 1.0 g L of biosorbent dose for 50 mg L initial Pb ion concentration at process condition of pH 4, temperature 30 °C (303 K), agitation speed 200 rpm and 150 min of equilibrium contact time. The equilibrium data were examined by various rate kinetics models and adsorption isotherm models. Sorption of Pb ion onto biosorbent was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) transmittance spectra and field-emission scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray (FESEM-EDX) analysis of native as well as Pb ion adsorbed biosorbent. The change in thermodynamic parameters, such as Gibbs free energy (ΔG), enthalpy (ΔH) and entropy (ΔS) was calculated. The results suggest that biosorption process using parthenium (P. hysterophorus L.) weed powder as biosorbent was a spontaneous, feasible and efficient method for treatment of Pb-bearing wastewater.
在本研究中，对一种低成本、可持续的生物吸附剂银胶菊（Parthenium hysterophorus L.）杂草粉末进行了处理含铅废水的研究。测定了该生物吸附剂的物理化学特性，即堆积密度为0.42 g/cm³，孔隙率为45%，BET比表面积为20.79 m²/g，粒径小于125μm，水分含量为68%，零电荷点为5.6。研究了生物吸附过程的各种参数。在pH值为4、温度30℃（303K）、搅拌速度200 rpm和平衡接触时间150 min的工艺条件下，对于初始铅离子浓度为50 mg/L的情况，使用1.0 g/L的生物吸附剂剂量时，铅离子的最大去除率达到98.3%。通过各种速率动力学模型和吸附等温线模型对平衡数据进行了研究。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）透射光谱以及对天然和吸附了铅离子的生物吸附剂进行场发射扫描电子显微镜和能量色散X射线（FESEM-EDX）分析，证实了铅离子在生物吸附剂上的吸附。计算了热力学参数的变化，如吉布斯自由能（ΔG）、焓（ΔH）和熵（ΔS）。结果表明，使用银胶菊（Parthenium hysterophorus L.）杂草粉末作为生物吸附剂的生物吸附过程是一种处理含铅废水的自发、可行且高效的方法。
