Cludius Barbara, Schmidt Alexander F, Moritz Steffen, Banse Rainer, Jelinek Lena
University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Martinistr. 52, Hamburg, Germany.
Department of Psychology, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 2017 Jun;55:106-112. doi: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2017.01.001. Epub 2017 Jan 6.
Cognitive models of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) highlight the role of cognitive biases for the development of the disorder. One of these biases, an inflated sense of responsibility has been associated with higher anger scores and latent aggression on self-report scales, especially in patients with compulsive checking. Validity of self-report assessment is, however, compromised by inaccuracy, social desirability, and low metacognitive awareness of traits and behaviors in patients. The aim of the present study was to extend the research on latent aggression in individuals with OCD by using an indirect, implicit measure of aggression.
Fifty-eight patients with OCD and 25 healthy controls were assessed with an Aggressiveness-Implicit Association Test (IAT), which is a reaction time task that assesses the strength of associations between the concept of "aggressiveness" and "me" compared to others.
Contrary to our expectation, OCD patients with checking symptoms showed a more peaceful implicit self-concept than healthy controls. This result was corroborated by negative correlations between checking symptoms and implicit aggressiveness in the OCD sample.
No self-report measures on aggression or anger were included in the study.
In comparison to previous research using self-report measures, our study indicates that implicit aspects of aggression do indeed differ from controlled aspects in patients with checking compulsions. Future research is necessary to better understand the role of aggressiveness in OCD and to derive implications for therapy.
强迫症（OCD）的认知模型强调认知偏差在该疾病发展中的作用。其中一种偏差，即过度责任感，在自我报告量表上与更高的愤怒得分和潜在攻击性相关，尤其是在强迫检查患者中。然而，自我报告评估的有效性受到患者特征和行为的不准确、社会期望以及低元认知意识的影响。本研究的目的是通过使用一种间接的、隐性的攻击测量方法，扩展对强迫症患者潜在攻击性的研究。
58名强迫症患者和25名健康对照者接受了攻击性内隐联想测验（IAT），这是一项反应时间任务，用于评估“攻击性”概念与“我”相比与他人之间关联的强度。
与我们的预期相反，有检查症状的强迫症患者表现出比健康对照者更平和的隐性自我概念。强迫症样本中检查症状与隐性攻击性之间的负相关证实了这一结果。
本研究未纳入关于攻击性或愤怒的自我报告测量。
与以往使用自我报告测量的研究相比，我们的研究表明，在有强迫检查行为的患者中，攻击性的隐性方面确实与可控方面不同。未来有必要进行更多研究，以更好地理解攻击性在强迫症中的作用，并得出对治疗的启示。
