IEEE Rev Biomed Eng. 2017;10:310-322. doi: 10.1109/RBME.2016.2620493. Epub 2016 Oct 24.
Despite the normal mean intracranial pressure in normal pressure hydrocephalus, the cerebral ventricles enlarge. Many hypotheses exist as to why, and these have lately been investigated in simulation. These can be grouped into one of two categories: 1) Tissue damage is caused by a transmantle pressure gradient widening the ventricles mechanically. 2) The overall cerebrospinal fluid dynamics are disturbed resulting from various pathologies. This paper reviews the literature regarding the computational simulation models investigating the development of enlarging ventricles in connection with the onset of hydrocephalus. The models are categorized by the underlying hypothesis and their results are contrasted with clinical findings in the field. Finally, open questions are identified for future modeling approaches.
尽管正常压力脑积水患者的颅内压正常，但脑室内径增大。关于为什么会出现这种情况，存在许多假说，最近这些假说已在模拟研究中得到了探讨。这些假说可以分为两类：1）由于跨脑膜压力梯度导致的组织损伤使脑室机械性扩张。2）由于各种病理原因导致的总体脑脊液动力学紊乱。本文回顾了有关计算模拟模型的文献，这些模型用于研究与脑积水发生相关的脑室扩大的发展。这些模型是根据其潜在假说进行分类的，其结果与该领域的临床发现进行了对比。最后，确定了未来建模方法的开放性问题。
