Dynamic Elbow Flexion Force Estimation Through a Muscle Twitch Model and sEMG in a Fatigue Condition.

We propose a joint force estimation method to compute elbow flexion force using surface electromyogram (sEMG) considering time-varying effects in a fatigue condition. Muscle fatigue is a major cause inducing sEMG changes with respect to time over long periods and repetitive contractions. The proposed method composed the muscle-twitch model representing the force generated by a single spike and the spikes extracted from sEMG. In this study, isometric contractions at six different joint angles (10 subjects) and dynamic contractions with constant velocity (six subjects) were performed under non-fatigue and fatigue conditions. Performance of the proposed method was evaluated and compared with that of previous methods using mean absolute value (MAV). The proposed method achieved average 6.7 ± 2.8 %RMSE for isometric contraction and 15.6 ± 24.7%RMSE for isokinetic contraction under fatigue condition with more accurate results than the previous methods.