Adamian Nika, Cavanagh Patrick
Laboratoire Psychologie de la Perception, Université Paris Descartes, Centre Biomédical des Saints Pères, Paris,
Laboratoire Psychologie de la Perception, Université Paris Descartes, Centre Biomédical des Saints Pères, Paris, FranceDepartment of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire,
J Vis. 2017 Jan 1;17(1):3. doi: 10.1167/17.1.3.
In the Fröhlich effect, the initial position of an object that suddenly appears in motion is perceived as being shifted in the direction of its motion. Here we establish that this shift is not an obligatory consequence of motion, but it is driven by focused attention. In Experiment 1 using different cueing conditions, we found that invalid cues produced larger perceptual shifts, although the Fröhlich effect was still present for valid and neutral cues. These results support Müsseler and Aschersleben's (1998) proposal that the Fröhlich effect is the result of the time it takes to shift focal attention to the moving stimulus. In Experiment 2 we found that the Fröhlich effect increased when the valid cue arrived more than 100 ms after the start of motion, suggesting again that a delay in attention's arrival shifted the location of the perceived motion onset. In Experiment 3 we compare the motion-induced shifts when the subjects attended to a set of moving stimuli as a group and when they attended to an orientation singleton. We showed that Fröhlich effect was only present when the target was individuated and disappeared when the stimulus was perceived globally. We conclude that the Fröhlich effect is a predictive spatial shift produced and modulated by focal attention.
在弗勒利希效应中，突然开始运动的物体的初始位置会被感知为朝着其运动方向发生了偏移。在此，我们证实这种偏移并非运动的必然结果，而是由聚焦注意力所驱动。在实验1中，我们采用不同的提示条件，发现无效提示会产生更大的感知偏移，尽管有效提示和中性提示下仍存在弗勒利希效应。这些结果支持了穆塞勒和阿舍斯莱本（1998年）的观点，即弗勒利希效应是将焦点注意力转移到移动刺激上所需时间的结果。在实验2中，我们发现当有效提示在运动开始后100毫秒以上到达时，弗勒利希效应增强，这再次表明注意力到达的延迟会使感知到的运动起始位置发生偏移。在实验3中，我们比较了受试者将一组移动刺激作为一个整体进行关注时以及关注一个方向单独刺激时的运动诱导偏移。我们发现，只有当目标被个体化时才会出现弗勒利希效应，而当刺激被整体感知时该效应消失。我们得出结论，弗勒利希效应是一种由聚焦注意力产生并调节的预测性空间偏移。
