Lamarque D, Haessler C, Champion R, Granga D, Steinmetz P, Guelina A, Maurice Y
Médicin en Chef, Certificat d'Etudes Supérieures en Diététique et Hygiène alimentaire, Tchad.
Med Trop (Mars). 1989 Jul-Sep;49(3):245-51.
An epidemic of human and animal anthrax raged in Chad mainly in the Department of Chari Baguirmi from September to December 1988, infesting more than 50% of donkeys and horses. 716 human cases have been reported, with 88 deaths. Thanks to a geographical distribution of animal and human prevalence, one sees immediately the interdependency between sanitary state of live-stock and public health. An unusual means of transmission from donkey to donkey by insects as the vector is suggested to explain the intensity of animal epidemics. Two strains of B. anthracis were isolated and described. Systematic annual prophylactic inoculation of the live-stock is recommended, and also resumption of research to create a polyvalent vaccine for cattle plague/peripneumonia and anthrax.
1988年9月至12月，乍得主要在沙里-巴吉尔米省爆发了一场人畜炭疽疫情，超过50%的驴和马受到感染。报告了716例人类病例，其中88人死亡。由于动物和人类疫情的地理分布情况，人们立即看到了牲畜卫生状况与公共卫生之间的相互依存关系。有人提出一种不寻常的传播方式，即以昆虫为媒介在驴与驴之间传播，以此来解释动物疫情的严重程度。分离并描述了两株炭疽杆菌。建议对牲畜进行系统的年度预防性接种，并重启研究以研制针对牛瘟/胸膜肺炎和炭疽的多价疫苗。
