Norrhem Niclas, Nemeczek Hans, Marklund Marie
Department of Odontology, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden.
Centrum för specialisttandvård, ortodonti, Folktandvården Skåne, SE-222 21, Lund, Sweden.
Sleep Breath. 2017 Sep;21(3):607-613. doi: 10.1007/s11325-016-1456-3. Epub 2017 Jan 23.
The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that a flexible oral appliance without incisor coverage (OA) increases the irregularity of the front teeth compared with a rigid appliance with incisor coverage (OA) in patients treated for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
Nineteen patients (10 men) who had used OA and 22 patients (19 men) who had used OA with a median age of 61 years (IQR of 56 to 67 years) who had been treated during a median period of 2.9 years (IQR of 2.7 to 3.1 years) were included in the study. There was no difference in age (p = 0.601) or treatment time (p = 0.432) between the two appliance groups. The patients had clinical examinations, responded to a questionnaire, and had impressions taken for plaster casts. The irregularity of the front teeth was measured by Little's Index, where the combined linear displacement of all the front teeth is assessed. Changes between baseline and follow-up were compared between the two groups.
The OA group increased the irregularity of their lower front teeth by 0.3 mm (p = 0.018), while the OA group had unchanged frontal irregularity (p = 0.717). The difference between the groups was significant (p = 0.035). There were no changes in the irregularity of the upper front teeth in either group. Patient satisfaction with treatment did not differ between the two appliances.
The present results support the hypothesis that a flexible OA without incisor coverage increases the irregularity of the lower front teeth compared with a rigid OA with incisor coverage.
本研究旨在验证以下假设：在接受阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）治疗的患者中，与覆盖切牙的刚性口腔矫治器（OA）相比，不覆盖切牙的柔性口腔矫治器会增加前牙的不整齐度。
本研究纳入了19名使用无覆盖切牙OA的患者（10名男性）和22名使用覆盖切牙OA的患者（19名男性），他们的中位年龄为61岁（四分位间距为56至67岁），中位治疗时间为2.9年（四分位间距为2.7至3.1年）。两组矫治器组在年龄（p = 0.601）或治疗时间（p = 0.432）上无差异。患者接受了临床检查、回答了问卷，并取模制作石膏模型。前牙不整齐度通过利特尔指数测量，评估所有前牙的线性位移总和。比较两组在基线和随访之间的变化。
无覆盖切牙OA组的下前牙不整齐度增加了0.3毫米（p = 0.018），而覆盖切牙OA组的前牙不整齐度没有变化（p = 0.717）。两组之间的差异具有统计学意义（p = 0.035）。两组上前牙的不整齐度均无变化。患者对两种矫治器治疗的满意度没有差异。
目前的结果支持以下假设：与覆盖切牙的刚性OA相比，不覆盖切牙的柔性OA会增加下前牙的不整齐度。
