Al Masri Salah, Kattanek Maria, Richardson Kenneth C, Hafez Hafez Mohamed, Plendl Johanna, Hünigen Hana
Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
College of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia.
PLoS One. 2017 Jan 24;12(1):e0170858. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170858. eCollection 2017.
In this study the macroscopic and microscopic structure of the heart of a fast growing, meat-type turkey line (British United turkeys BUT Big 6) and a wild-type turkey line (Canadian Wild turkey) were compared. At 8 and 16 weeks of age, 10 birds of each genotype and sex were sampled. The body mass and heart mass of the meat-type turkey both increased at a faster rate than those of the wild-type turkey. However in both turkey lines, the relative heart mass decreased slightly with age, the decrease was statistically significant only in the male turkeys. Furthermore meat-type turkeys had a significantly (p < 0.01) lower relative heart mass and relative thickness of the left ventricle compared to the wild-type turkeys of the same age. The wild-type turkeys showed no significant change in the size of cardiomyocytes (cross sectional area and diameter) from 8 weeks to 16 weeks. In contrast, the size of cardiomyocytes increased significantly (p < 0.001) with age in the meat-type turkeys. The number of capillaries in the left ventricular wall increased significantly (p < 0.001) in wild-type turkeys from 2351 per mm2 at the age of 8 weeks to 2843 per mm2 at 16 weeks. However, in the meat-type turkeys there were no significant changes, capillary numbers being 2989 per mm2 at age 8 weeks and 2915 per mm2 at age 16 weeks. Correspondingly the area occupied by capillaries in the myocardium increased in wild-type turkeys from 8.59% at the age of 8 weeks to 9.15% at 16 weeks, whereas in meat-type turkeys this area decreased from 10.4% at 8 weeks to 9.95% at 16 weeks. Our results indicate a mismatch in development between body mass and heart mass and a compromised cardiac capillary density and architecture in the meat-type turkeys in comparison to the wild-type turkeys.
在本研究中，对快速生长的肉用型火鸡品系（英国联合火鸡BUT Big 6）和野生型火鸡品系（加拿大野生火鸡）的心脏宏观和微观结构进行了比较。在8周龄和16周龄时，对每种基因型和性别的10只火鸡进行采样。肉用型火鸡的体重和心脏重量均比野生型火鸡增长得更快。然而，在两个火鸡品系中，相对心脏重量均随年龄略有下降，仅在雄性火鸡中下降具有统计学意义。此外，与相同年龄的野生型火鸡相比，肉用型火鸡的相对心脏重量和左心室相对厚度显著更低（p < 0.01）。野生型火鸡从8周龄到16周龄心肌细胞大小（横截面积和直径）无显著变化。相比之下，肉用型火鸡的心肌细胞大小随年龄显著增加（p < 0.001）。野生型火鸡左心室壁毛细血管数量从8周龄时的每平方毫米2351根显著增加（p < 0.001）至16周龄时的每平方毫米2843根。然而，肉用型火鸡毛细血管数量无显著变化，8周龄时为每平方毫米2989根，16周龄时为每平方毫米2915根。相应地，野生型火鸡心肌中毛细血管所占面积从8周龄时的8.59%增加至16周龄时的9.15%，而肉用型火鸡该面积从8周龄时的10.4%降至16周龄时的9.95%。我们的结果表明，与野生型火鸡相比，肉用型火鸡体重和心脏重量发育不匹配，心脏毛细血管密度和结构受损。
