Silva Ana Rita, Pinho Maria Salomé, Macedo Luís, Moulin Christopher, Caldeira Salomé, Firmino Horácio
Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences,University of Coimbra,Coimbra,Portugal.
Department of Informatics Engineering,University of Coimbra,Coimbra,Portugal.
Int Psychogeriatr. 2017 May;29(5):741-754. doi: 10.1017/S104161021600243X. Epub 2017 Jan 26.
Cognitive interventions (either restorative or compensatory) developed for mild Alzheimer's Disease (AD) have been tested widely with cognitive measures, but less is known about how the effects of such interventions are generalizable to daily functioning. In the present study, we looked at affective state and perceived functionality and quality of life indicators, for three different cognitive rehabilitation programs.
Fifty-one AD patients in the mild stage of the disease were selected for the study and were randomly assigned to one of three cognitive training groups: (1) Memo+ (a paper and pencil memory training program); (2) SenseCam (wearable camera used as a passive external memory aid); (3) Written diary (a personal journal, used as control condition). All patients attended 11 sessions, twice a week, of 1-hour length. The three outcome indicators were examined with standardized instruments applied before the intervention, one week after and at six months follow-up.
After treatment, the SenseCam and Memo+ groups had significantly reduced depressive symptoms compared to the Diary control condition. The same was found for measures of perceived functional capacity. No intervention effects were found for quality of life measures. The immediate effects of the interventions were not maintained at follow-up.
Our results suggest that two types of memory rehabilitation can improve depressive symptomology and instrumental activities of daily living, suggesting that these interventions can stimulate not only cognition but also well-being, at least in the short term.
为轻度阿尔茨海默病（AD）开发的认知干预措施（恢复性或代偿性）已通过认知测量进行了广泛测试，但对于此类干预措施的效果如何推广到日常功能方面，我们了解得较少。在本研究中，我们针对三种不同的认知康复项目，观察了情感状态、感知功能以及生活质量指标。
选取51名处于疾病轻度阶段的AD患者参与研究，并将他们随机分配到三个认知训练组之一：（1）Memo+（一种纸笔记忆训练项目）；（2）SenseCam（用作被动外部记忆辅助工具的可穿戴相机）；（3）书面日记（用作对照条件的个人日志）。所有患者每周参加两次，每次1小时，共11次训练课程。在干预前、干预后一周以及六个月随访时，使用标准化工具对三项结果指标进行检查。
治疗后，与日记对照组相比，SenseCam组和Memo+组的抑郁症状显著减轻。在感知功能能力测量方面也发现了同样的情况。生活质量测量未发现干预效果。干预的即时效果在随访时未得到维持。
我们的结果表明，两种类型的记忆康复可以改善抑郁症状和日常生活中的工具性活动，这表明这些干预措施不仅可以刺激认知，还可以促进幸福感，至少在短期内如此。
