Gwani Abdullahi Suleiman, Salihu Abubakar Tijjani, Garba Isa Sa'idu, Rufa'i Adamu Ahmad
Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medical Sciences, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, PMB 0248, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria.
Department of Physiotherapy, Hasiya Bayero Paediatric Hospital, Emir Palace Road, Kano, Nigeria.
J Forensic Leg Med. 2017 Feb;46:53-57. doi: 10.1016/j.jflm.2017.01.004. Epub 2017 Jan 21.
Foot length has been shown to be a reliable dimension for estimation of stature. However, phalanges of the foot are very small bones and their length may not be proportional to person's stature. Thus, we hypothesized that foot length measured excluding the phalanges, the truncated foot length, may be more reliable in stature estimation than full foot length. This study, therefore, aimed at comparing the accuracy of the regression equations derived from the truncated foot length and the full foot length. The study recruited a sample of 32 young adults (16 males and 16 females) aged from 20 to 35 years. Lateral radiographs of the right feet were obtained for each subject in a bilateral standing position while maintaining equal weight on both feet. Standing height of the participants was measured with a stadiometer. Truncated foot length and full foot length were measured on the lateral radiographs of the foot. Independent t-test was used to check for mean differences in the dimensions between genders. Linear regression analysis was used to determine the equations for stature estimation. Intra and inter-observer reliability were calculated from four precision estimates: absolute technical error of measurement (aTEM), relative technical error of measurement (rTEM), coefficient of reliability (Rr) and coefficient of variation (Cv). All the dimensions measured were significantly larger in males than females. Linear regression equations were derived for estimation of stature using both the truncated foot length and full foot length. The regression equations derived from truncated foot length have larger correlation coefficient, coefficient of determination, adjusted coefficient of determination as well as smaller standard error of estimation than those derived from full foot length. All the precision estimates showed that the measurement errors are within acceptable limits. This study suggests that even if the full foot length is available, excluding the phalanges may give more accurate stature estimation.
足长已被证明是估计身高的一个可靠维度。然而，足部的趾骨是非常小的骨头，其长度可能与个人身高不成比例。因此，我们假设，不包括趾骨测量的足长，即截断足长，在身高估计中可能比全足长更可靠。因此，本研究旨在比较由截断足长和全足长得出的回归方程的准确性。该研究招募了32名年龄在20至35岁之间的年轻成年人样本（16名男性和16名女性）。让每个受试者在双脚站立且体重均匀分布的双侧站立姿势下获得右脚的侧位X线片。用身高计测量参与者的站立身高。在足部的侧位X线片上测量截断足长和全足长。使用独立t检验来检查性别之间维度的平均差异。使用线性回归分析来确定身高估计方程。观察者内和观察者间的可靠性由四个精度估计值计算得出：测量的绝对技术误差（aTEM）、测量的相对技术误差（rTEM）、可靠性系数（Rr）和变异系数（Cv）。所有测量的维度男性均显著大于女性。使用截断足长和全足长分别得出了用于估计身高的线性回归方程。与由全足长得出的回归方程相比，由截断足长得出的回归方程具有更大的相关系数、决定系数、调整决定系数以及更小的估计标准误差。所有精度估计值均表明测量误差在可接受范围内。本研究表明，即使有全足长数据，排除趾骨可能会给出更准确的身高估计。
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