Dept. Personality, Evaluation, and Psychological Treatment II (Differential Psychology). School of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Personality, Evaluation, and Psychological Treatment. School of Psychology, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain.
Psychiatry Res. 2017 Apr;250:25-29. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.01.056. Epub 2017 Jan 21.
Metacognitive theory of emotional disorders (Matthews and Wells, 1994; Wells, 2009) suggests that metacognitive beliefs can play a causal role in the development and maintenance of anxiety symptoms. In this prospective study, we examine the relationships between metacognitive beliefs, perceived stress and anxiety in a non-clinical sample. Participants were 135 undergraduate students who completed a battery of questionnaire at two time points (3- months apart). Results revealed metacognitive beliefs do not predict long-term anxiety independently. However, moderation analyses demonstrated negative beliefs about uncontrollability and danger prospectively moderated the relationship between perceived stress and Time 2 anxiety. Negative metacognitive beliefs also interacted with baseline anxiety to predict the change in anxiety symptoms. The results confirm metacognitions play a causal role in anxiety and have implications for cognitive models and the treatment of anxiety.
情绪障碍的元认知理论（Matthews 和 Wells，1994；Wells，2009）表明，元认知信念可能在焦虑症状的发展和维持中起因果作用。在这项前瞻性研究中，我们在非临床样本中检查了元认知信念、感知压力和焦虑之间的关系。参与者为 135 名本科生，他们在两个时间点（相隔 3 个月）完成了一组问卷。结果表明，元认知信念不能独立预测长期焦虑。然而，调节分析表明，对不可控性和危险的消极信念前瞻性地调节了感知压力与第 2 时间焦虑之间的关系。消极的元认知信念也与基线焦虑相互作用，预测焦虑症状的变化。结果证实，元认知在焦虑中起因果作用，对认知模型和焦虑治疗具有启示意义。
