Acharya Santanu, Bryant Louise, Twiddy Maureen
a Ayrshire Fertility Unit , University Hospital Crosshouse , Kilmarnock , Scotland, UK.
b Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds , Leeds , UK.
J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol. 2017 Mar;38(1):4-11. doi: 10.1080/0167482X.2016.1233171. Epub 2016 Sep 22.
This qualitative study was conducted to explore the motivations and experience of oocyte donors donating to women known to them.
Three women who donated oocytes to a close relative were interviewed and data were analysed using an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis approach.
The two key elements noted were "motivations for donation" and "coping with the consequences of oocyte donation". The motivation for donation was influenced by the familial bond that was strengthened by the donation process in some cases. The concept of altruistic oocyte donation stemmed from the narratives of giving the gift of motherhood and gaining a positive self-image and respect from others. Coping with the consequences of oocyte donation tests the donor identity, their wishes for a positive outcome, concerns regarding disclosure of biological motherhood and detachment from the egg and potential child.
Motivation is influenced by a combination of factors including the rewards of altruistic behaviour, the existence and potential strengthening of the relationship between donor and recipient, but possibly also, a sense of obligation and societal expectations. Oocyte donation can be variously viewed by donors as a unique way of reproductive empowerment or an example of acceding to subtle coercion and thus disempowerment. The study also highlights the clinical as well as ethical importance of providing support services for oocyte donors and recipients.
本定性研究旨在探讨向熟人捐赠卵母细胞的捐赠者的动机和经历。
对三名向近亲捐赠卵母细胞的女性进行了访谈，并采用解释现象学分析方法对数据进行了分析。
记录的两个关键要素是“捐赠动机”和“应对卵母细胞捐赠的后果”。捐赠动机在某些情况下会受到捐赠过程强化的家庭关系的影响。利他性卵母细胞捐赠的概念源于给予母亲身份的礼物以及获得积极自我形象和他人尊重的叙述。应对卵母细胞捐赠的后果考验着捐赠者的身份认同、她们对积极结果的期望、对生物学母亲身份披露的担忧以及与卵子和潜在孩子的情感分离。
动机受到多种因素的综合影响，包括利他行为的回报、捐赠者与受赠者之间关系的存在和潜在强化，但也可能包括责任感和社会期望。捐赠者对卵母细胞捐赠的看法可能各不相同，既可以视为一种独特的生殖赋权方式，也可以视为屈从于微妙胁迫从而丧失权力的一个例子。该研究还强调了为卵母细胞捐赠者和受赠者提供支持服务在临床和伦理方面的重要性。
