Menault M
Rev Prat. 1989 Sep 11;39(20):1762-5.
Despite considerable advances, transfusions still present major immunological and infectious dangers. Immunological accidents can be perfectly prevented by adhering to strict rules as regards the immediate risk, haemolysis, and satisfactorily prevented as regards late allo immunization. Safety concerning the transmission of viral or parasitic diseases is far from being absolute in spite of increasingly sophisticated tests performed on donors. This implies that transfusions should be restricted to clearly defined situations where the potential advantage overrides the risk and where the safest product can be chosen. This type of safety requires high quality blood products reflecting the high level of organization and technique of the Transfusion Centre. Finally, autotransfusion, the rules of which must be well-defined, may be an alternative in certain cases representing up to 10 p. 100 of all transfusions.
尽管取得了长足的进步，但输血仍存在重大的免疫和感染风险。通过遵守关于即时风险、溶血的严格规定，可以完美预防免疫事故，并且在迟发性同种免疫方面也能得到有效预防。尽管对献血者进行了越来越复杂的检测，但关于病毒或寄生虫疾病传播的安全性远非绝对。这意味着输血应仅限于明确界定的情况，即潜在益处超过风险且可以选择最安全产品的情况。这种类型的安全需要高质量的血液制品，这反映了输血中心的高度组织和技术水平。最后，自身输血（其规则必须明确界定）在某些情况下可能是一种替代方法，在所有输血中占比高达10%。
