Mello Flávia Carvalho Malta, Malta Deborah Carvalho, Prado Rogério Ruscitto do, Farias Marilurdes Silva, Alencastro Lidiane Cristina da Silva, Silva Marta Angélica Iossi
Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo - Ribeirão Preto (SP), Brasil.
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brasil.
Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2016 Oct-Dec;19(4):866-877. doi: 10.1590/1980-5497201600040015.
: To estimate the prevalence of bullying from the perspective of victims in students from the Southeast region of Brazil and analyze its association with individual variables and family context.
: Information on 19,660 adolescents from the National School-based Health Survey was analyzed, calculating the association between bullying and sociodemographic variables, risk behaviors, mental health, and family background. Multivariate analysis and the calculation of odds ratio and confidence intervals were performed.
: The prevalence of bullying was 7.8% (95%CI 6.5 - 9.2). After adjustment, the following associations were observed: students with less than 13 years of age (OR = 2.40; 1.4 - 3.93); protection for those aged 14, 15, and 16 years; male gender (OR = 1.47; 95%CI 1.35 - 1.59); black color (OR = 1.24; 95%CI 1.11 - 1.40); yellow color (OR = 1.38 95%CI 1.14 - 1.6); private school students (OR = 1.11; 95%CI 1.01 - 1.23); and students who work (OR = 1.30; 95%CI 1.16 - 1.45). Higher education of the mothers was a protective factor in all groups. Risk factors considered were feeling lonely (OR = 2.68; 95%CI 2.45 - 2.94), having insomnia (OR = 1.95; 95%CI 1.76 - 2.17), having no friends (OR = 1.47; 95%CI 1.24 - 1.75), suffering physical abuse from family members (OR = 1.83; 95%CI 1.66 - 2.03), missing classes without their parents' knowledge (OR = 1.23; 95%CI 1.12 - 1.34), as well as family supervision (OR = 1.14; 95%CI 1.05 - 1.23). To have drunk in the last 30 days (OR = 0.88 95%CI 0.8 - 0.97) was a protective factor.
: Bullying increases vulnerabilities among students, which suggests the need for an intersectoral approach in order to find measures to prevent them.
从受害者角度评估巴西东南部地区学生中欺凌行为的发生率，并分析其与个体变量及家庭环境的关联。
对全国学校健康调查中19660名青少年的信息进行分析，计算欺凌行为与社会人口统计学变量、风险行为、心理健康及家庭背景之间的关联。进行多变量分析并计算比值比和置信区间。
欺凌行为的发生率为7.8%（95%可信区间6.5 - 9.2）。调整后，观察到以下关联：年龄小于13岁的学生（比值比 = 2.40；1.4 - 3.93）；14、15和16岁的学生受到保护；男性（比值比 = 1.47；95%可信区间1.35 - 1.59）；黑人（比值比 = 1.24；95%可信区间1.11 - 1.40）；黄色人种（比值比 = 1.38；95%可信区间1.14 - 1.6）；私立学校学生（比值比 = 1.11；95%可信区间1.01 - 1.23）；以及有工作的学生（比值比 = 1.30；95%可信区间1.16 - 1.45）。母亲受高等教育在所有组中都是保护因素。所考虑的风险因素包括感到孤独（比值比 = 2.68；95%可信区间2.45 - 2.94）、失眠（比值比 = 1.95；95%可信区间1.76 - 2.17）、没有朋友（比值比 = 1.47；95%可信区间1.24 - 1.75）、遭受家庭成员身体虐待（比值比 = 1.83；95%可信区间1.66 - 2.03）、未经父母知晓缺课（比值比 = 1.23；95%可信区间1.12 - 1.34）以及家庭监管（比值比 = 1.14；95%可信区间1.05 - 1.23）。在过去30天内饮酒（比值比 = 0.88；95%可信区间0.8 - 0.97）是一个保护因素。
欺凌行为增加了学生中的脆弱性，这表明需要采取跨部门方法以找到预防措施。
