Andersson L, Hultin M, Kjellman O, Nordenram A, Ramström G
Departments of Oral Surgery, Hospital of Danderyd, Sweden.
Swed Dent J. 1989;13(5):209-16.
This paper presents a retrospective review of jaw fractures sustained by 795 individuals in the county of Stockholm from 1978-80. The material comprised 904 mandibular and 249 maxillary fractures, a total of 1.153 fractures. The present part of the study concerns the relationship between etiologic factors and fracture location. Single fractures were noted in 43% of the mandibular fractures and in 4% of the maxillary fractures. The region most frequently fractured was the mandibular condyle (19% of all fractures). Violence was the etiologic in 42% of the total number of fractures and 47% of mandibular fractures. Compared to earlier reports, this seems to represent an increase over the last decades and probably reflects a general trend towards greater incidence of violence in society. Jaw fractures caused by traffic accidents accounted for 25% of all fractures and have decreased, probably as a result of the safety belt law of 1975 and better traffic security reforms. However, the severe Le Fort III fractures, combined with unconciousness and neurological injuries, are mainly the result of on traffic accidents. Falls accounted to 23% of the fractures, mostly localized to the mandible (81%).
本文对1978年至1980年期间斯德哥尔摩县795名个体所遭受的颌骨骨折进行了回顾性研究。该材料包括904例下颌骨骨折和249例上颌骨骨折，共计1153例骨折。本研究的这一部分关注病因与骨折部位之间的关系。在43%的下颌骨骨折和4%的上颌骨骨折中发现了单一骨折。最常发生骨折的部位是下颌髁突（占所有骨折的19%）。暴力是42%的骨折总数和47%的下颌骨骨折的病因。与早期报告相比，这似乎代表了过去几十年中的增长，可能反映了社会暴力发生率上升的总体趋势。交通事故导致的颌骨骨折占所有骨折的25%，且有所下降，这可能是1975年安全带法和更好的交通安全改革的结果。然而，严重的勒福Ⅲ型骨折，伴有昏迷和神经损伤，主要是交通事故的结果。跌倒占骨折的23%，大多局限于下颌骨（81%）。
