Cansu Döndü Üsküdar, Kaşifoğlu Timuçin, Korkmaz Cengiz
Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Eskişehir Osmangazi University School of Medicine, Eskişehir, Turkey.
Eur J Rheumatol. 2016 Dec;3(4):157-160. doi: 10.5152/eurjrheum.2016.038. Epub 2016 Dec 1.
Behçet's disease (BD) is a systemic vasculitis with a significantly varying clinical course following relapses and remissions, which may involve a number of organs such as the skin, joints, lungs, and blood vessels as well as systems such as the central nervous system and gastrointestinal system. Its prognosis is known to be worse in males. There are several studies in the literature on the clinical features and gender distribution of BD. The aim of the present study was to determine the clinical characteristics of BD and the presence of a relation with gender and to investigate the correlation of our results with the current literature.
We retrospectively reviewed 329 patient files. The demographic features of the patients, their symptoms and findings of BD, the results of pathergy tests, the presence of any individuals in the family with BD, and HLA-B51 antigen positivity were recorded.
The most frequent findings were oral aphtous ulcers (100%), genital ulcers (84%), papulopustular lesions (69.9%), and joint involvement (57.4%). Vascular involvement and ocular involvement were significantly higher in males, whereas joint involvement and headache were more common in females (p<0.001, p=0.014, p<0.001, and p<0.001, respectively). Contrary to the literature, we found that the disease had an earlier onset in individuals with a positive familial history of an oral aphthous ulcer or BD (p=0.03 and p=0.02, respectively) and that joint involvement was more common in patients with erythema nodosum (p=0.02).
The clinical features of BD may vary between the genders. Variations exist in the results depending on the population size, the department where the study was conducted, the patient inclusion criteria, and the region where the patients live.
白塞病（BD）是一种系统性血管炎，复发和缓解后临床病程差异显著，可累及皮肤、关节、肺、血管等多个器官以及中枢神经系统和胃肠道系统等。已知男性患者预后较差。文献中有多项关于白塞病临床特征和性别分布的研究。本研究旨在确定白塞病的临床特征及其与性别的关系，并将我们的结果与当前文献进行相关性研究。
我们回顾性分析了329例患者的病历。记录患者的人口统计学特征、白塞病的症状和体征、针刺反应试验结果、家族中是否有白塞病患者以及HLA - B51抗原阳性情况。
最常见的表现为口腔溃疡（100%）、生殖器溃疡（84%）、丘疹脓疱性病变（69.9%）和关节受累（57.4%）。男性血管受累和眼部受累明显更高，而女性关节受累和头痛更为常见（分别为p<0.001、p = 0.014、p<0.001和p<0.001）。与文献相反，我们发现口腔溃疡或白塞病家族史阳性的个体发病较早（分别为p = 0.03和p = 0.02），并且结节性红斑患者关节受累更为常见（p = 0.02）。
白塞病的临床特征可能因性别而异。结果存在差异取决于人群规模、研究所在科室、患者纳入标准以及患者居住地区。
