Parra-Cardona Jose Ruben, Yeh Hsueh-Han, Anthony James C
Human Development and Family Studies, Michigan State University , East Lansing , MI , United States.
Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University , East Lansing , MI , United States.
PeerJ. 2017 Jan 24;5:e2905. doi: 10.7717/peerj.2905. eCollection 2017.
Chronically escalated parent-child conflict has been observed to elicit maladaptive behavior and reduced psychological well-being in children and youth. In this epidemiological study, we sought to estimate the occurrence of escalated parent-child conflict for United States (US) adolescent subgroups defined by (a) ethnic self-identification, and (b) nativity (US-born versus foreign-born).
US study populations of 12-to-17-year-olds were sampled, recruited, and assessed for the National Surveys on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), 2002-2013 ( = 111, 129). Analysis-weighted contingency table analyses contrasted US-born versus foreign-born who self-identified as: (a) Hispanic, (b) non-Hispanic African-American, (c) non-Hispanic Asian, and (c) non-Hispanic White.
Frequently escalated parent-child conflict was most prevalent among US-born non-Hispanic White adolescents, from 18% at age 12 (95% CI [17.6%, 18.9%]) to 29% at age 17 (95% CI [28.3%, 29.7%]), followed by US-born Hispanic and non-Hispanic Asian children. Estimated prevalence proportions were markedly lower for African-American children, from 8% at age 12 (95% CI [6.8, 8.5]) to 16% at age 17 (95% CI [14.3, 16.7]). Broad and sometimes overlapping CI indicate that larger sample sizes are needed for complete evaluation of an apparent excess occurrence of frequent parent-child conflict among US-born versus foreign-born. Nonetheless, in the larger subgroups, the US-born show a clear excess occurrence of frequent parent-child conflict. For example, US-born Mexican children have 1.7 times higher odds of experiencing frequent parent-child conflict than foreign-born Mexican children (OR = 1.7, 95% CI [1.5, 2.0], -value < 0.001).
The main discovery from this multi-ethnic sample investigation is a rank-ordering of parent-child conflict prevalence estimates from high (non-Hispanic White) to low (non-Hispanic African-American). The pattern also suggests a possibly generalizable excess associated with US-born sub-groups. The epidemiological estimates presented here merit attention in future cross-cultural research focused on parent-child conflict.
长期升级的亲子冲突已被观察到会引发儿童和青少年的适应不良行为，并降低其心理健康水平。在这项流行病学研究中，我们试图估计按以下因素定义的美国青少年亚组中升级亲子冲突的发生率：（a）种族自我认同，以及（b）出生地（美国出生与外国出生）。
对2002 - 2013年全国药物使用和健康调查（NSDUH）中12至17岁的美国研究人群进行抽样、招募和评估（n = 111,129）。分析加权列联表分析对比了自我认同为以下种族的美国出生与外国出生的人群：（a）西班牙裔，（b）非西班牙裔非裔美国人，（c）非西班牙裔亚裔，以及（c）非西班牙裔白人。
频繁升级的亲子冲突在美国出生的非西班牙裔白人青少年中最为普遍，从12岁时的18%（95%可信区间[17.6%，18.9%]）上升到17岁时的29%（95%可信区间[28.3%，29.7%]），其次是美国出生的西班牙裔和非西班牙裔亚裔儿童。非裔美国儿童的估计患病率明显较低，从12岁时的8%（95%可信区间[6.8，8.5]）到17岁时的16%（95%可信区间[14.3，16.7]）。宽泛且有时重叠的可信区间表明，需要更大的样本量才能全面评估美国出生与外国出生的人群中频繁亲子冲突明显过多的情况。尽管如此，在较大的亚组中，美国出生的人群中频繁亲子冲突明显过多。例如，美国出生的墨西哥儿童经历频繁亲子冲突的几率比外国出生的墨西哥儿童高1.7倍（优势比 = 1.7，95%可信区间[1.5，2.0]，p值 < 0.001）。
这项多民族样本调查的主要发现是亲子冲突患病率估计值从高（非西班牙裔白人）到低（非西班牙裔非裔美国人）的排序。这种模式还表明与美国出生的亚组可能存在普遍的关联。这里呈现的流行病学估计值在未来关注亲子冲突的跨文化研究中值得关注。
