埃塞俄比亚东南部巴勒州行政区非糖尿病社区成员对糖尿病的知识、态度、行为及其相关因素。一项横断面研究。
Knowledge, attitude, practices and their associated factors towards diabetes mellitus among non diabetes community members of Bale Zone administrative towns, South East Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study.
作者信息
Kassahun Chanyalew Worku, Mekonen Alemayehu Gonie
机构信息
Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Madda Walabu University, Bale Goba, Ethiopia.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2017 Feb 2;12(2):e0170040. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170040. eCollection 2017.
BACKGROUND
Diabetes kills more than 4.9 million adults per year. It becomes rapidly increasing, non-communicable disease-a major threat to global public health particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. Though previous studies among diabetic patients were focused in health institution, limited knowledge, attitude and practice were seen. There is no study conducted about diabetes related to knowledge, attitudes, practice and associated factors in the community level.
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The study assessed knowledge, attitude, practices, and its associated factors towards diabetes mellitus among non diabetic community members of Bale Zone, Ethiopia.
METHODS
Community based cross-sectional study was conducted from November 15 to December 15, 2015 among 605 non diabetic community members of Bale Zone administrative towns. Data was collected using pretested structured face-to-face interview after taking informed written consent. Respondents were selected by systematic random sampling. The data was entered into EPI data version 3.1 and analyzed using Statistical package for social sciences version 20. Odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were calculated and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Finally, multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to indicate the independent predictors of knowledge, attitude and practice.
RESULT
Response rate of the study was 98.2%. About 52.5% of participants were knowledgeable, 55.9% and 56.6% had good attitude and practice respectively. Earning average monthly family income of ≤500 Ethiopian birr (AOR = 0.4, CI = 0.2, 0.6) and 501-1000 (AOR = 0.4, CI = 0.2, 0.7), heard about diabetes (AOR = 4.4, CI = 1.9, 10.2), had diabetes health education exposure (AOR = 5, CI = 2.5, 9.7) resulted to have good diabetes knowledge. Student, (AOR = 5.1, CI = 2.1,12), government/private employee (AOR = 3,CI = 1.4,6.7), merchant (AOR = 2,CI = 1.1,3.6) and Knowledgeable (AOR = 3, CI = 2.1, 4.7) subjects had positive attitude towards diabetes. Having college and above educational level (AOR = 0.33, CI = 0.16, 0.7), having good attitude towards diabetes (AOR = 2, CI = 1.3, 3) had good practiced.
CONCLUSION
Considerable limited knowledge, attitude and practices were seen. A great emphasis on health education regarding symptoms and risk factors modification for diabetes are necessary.
背景
糖尿病每年导致超过490万成年人死亡。它正迅速成为一种日益增多的非传染性疾病，对全球公共卫生构成重大威胁，尤其是在撒哈拉以南非洲地区。尽管之前针对糖尿病患者的研究集中在医疗机构，但人们对糖尿病的知识、态度和行为了解有限。尚未有关于社区层面糖尿病相关知识、态度、行为及相关因素的研究。
研究目的
本研究评估了埃塞俄比亚巴勒地区非糖尿病社区成员对糖尿病的知识、态度、行为及其相关因素。
方法
2015年11月15日至12月15日，在巴勒地区行政镇的605名非糖尿病社区成员中开展了基于社区的横断面研究。在获得知情书面同意后，通过预先测试的结构化面对面访谈收集数据。采用系统随机抽样的方法选取受访者。数据录入EPI数据3.1版本，并使用社会科学统计软件包20进行分析。计算比值比和95%置信区间，P<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。最后，进行多变量逻辑回归分析以确定知识、态度和行为的独立预测因素。
结果
研究的应答率为98.2%。约52.5%的参与者具备相关知识，分别有55.9%和56.6%的参与者态度良好和行为良好。家庭月平均收入≤500埃塞俄比亚比尔（比值比=0.4，置信区间=0.2，0.6）以及501 - 1000比尔（比值比=0.4，置信区间=0.2，0.7）、听说过糖尿病（比值比=4.4，置信区间=1.9，10.2）、接受过糖尿病健康教育（比值比=5，置信区间=2.5，9.7）的参与者具备良好的糖尿病知识。学生（比值比=5.1，置信区间=2.1，12）、政府/私营企业员工（比值比=3，置信区间=1.4，6.7）、商人（比值比=2，置信区间=1.1，3.6）以及具备相关知识的参与者（比值比=3，置信区间=2.1，4.7）对糖尿病持积极态度。具有大专及以上教育水平（比值比=0.33，置信区间=0.16，0.7）、对糖尿病态度良好（比值比=2，置信区间=1.3，3）的参与者行为良好。
结论
人们对糖尿病的知识、态度和行为相当有限。有必要大力加强关于糖尿病症状和风险因素改善的健康教育。
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