Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm,Sweden.
J Public Health (Oxf). 2017 Dec 1;39(4):661-667. doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdx001.
'Recommodification' describes the withdrawal of previously extended social welfare, making living standards more dependent on market position. Since health is influenced by living standards, recommodification is expected to be associated with increased health inequalities.
This study investigates the recommodification of two policy domains: unemployment insurance and pensions, and their link to health inequalities between 1991 and 2011.
Two case studies were used. Using data from Health Survey for England and the Swedish Study of Income and Living Conditions, the magnitudes of health inequalities between the employed and unemployed, and between high and low educated pensioners, were computed. The magnitudes were then associated with net replacement rates of pensions and unemployment benefits.
Recommodification had a stronger association with health inequalities in Sweden than in England, and a stronger association with health inequalities between the employed and unemployed than in the retired population.
The relationship between decommodification is not linear, but is shaped by other factors in the social context. However, recommodification has a positive or negligible association with health inequalities. In no case was there a negative association between recommodification and health inequalities.
“再商品化”描述了先前扩大的社会福利的撤回，使生活水平更加依赖市场地位。由于健康受到生活水平的影响，预计再商品化将导致健康不平等加剧。
本研究调查了两个政策领域（失业保险和养老金）的再商品化及其与 1991 年至 2011 年期间健康不平等之间的联系。
使用了两个案例研究。利用来自英格兰健康调查和瑞典收入与生活条件研究的数据，计算了就业者和失业者之间以及高学历和低学历养老金领取者之间健康不平等的程度。然后，将这些程度与养老金和失业救济金的净替代率相关联。
再商品化与瑞典的健康不平等之间的关联比在英国更紧密，与就业者和失业者之间的健康不平等之间的关联比退休人群更紧密。
去商品化的关系不是线性的，而是受到社会背景中其他因素的影响。然而，再商品化与健康不平等之间存在正相关或无显著关联。在任何情况下，再商品化与健康不平等之间都没有负相关。
