Ausín Berta, Muñoz Manuel, Santos-Olmo Ana Belén, Pérez-Santos Eloísa, Castellanos Miguel A
Universidad Complutense(Spain).
Span J Psychol. 2017 Feb 6;20:E6. doi: 10.1017/sjp.2017.3.
The MentDis_ICF65+ Project is an epidemiological study of mental disorders in people 65 to 85 years old in several European cities, including Madrid. Its aim is to determine the lifetime, 12-month, and 1-month prevalence of the main mental disorders in the elderly. The relationship of age and sex with each mental disorder was examined. The sample was collected through random sampling of people over 65 in Madrid, and consisted of 555 persons between 65 and 85 years old. The CIDI65+ was administered. Estimates of prevalence and odds ratios (OR) were made using sample frequencies and according to sex and age. Excluding nicotine dependence, 40.12% of the sample was found to have suffered a mental disorder at some time in their lives, 29.89% in the past year, and 17.70% were currently suffering from a mental disorder. The disorders with the highest prevalence rates were anxiety disorders, alcohol-related disorders, and mood disorders. Elderly women had a higher risk of suffering an anxiety disorder (OR men/women 0.42; CI 0.25-0.68) with a significance level of p < .001, while elderly men were more affected by any substance-related disorder (OR men/women 3.96; CI 1.62-11.07) with a significance level of p < .001. Each disorder's prevalence decreased with age (OR 65-74/75-85, 1.85; CI 1.25-2.75) with a significance level of p < .01. Results show higher prevalence rates than previous studies reported. The main implications of this study, and the need to adapt mental health services for people over 65, are highlighted.
“65岁及以上人群精神障碍研究项目（MentDis_ICF65+）”是一项针对包括马德里在内的几个欧洲城市65至85岁人群精神障碍的流行病学研究。其目的是确定老年人中主要精神障碍的终生患病率、12个月患病率和1个月患病率。研究了年龄和性别与每种精神障碍的关系。样本通过对马德里65岁以上人群进行随机抽样收集，由555名65至85岁的人组成。使用了“65岁及以上综合国际诊断访谈问卷（CIDI65+）”。患病率和比值比（OR）的估计是根据样本频率并按性别和年龄进行的。排除尼古丁依赖后，发现40.12%的样本在其生命中的某个时候患过精神障碍，过去一年为29.89%，目前有17.70%的人患有精神障碍。患病率最高的障碍是焦虑症、酒精相关障碍和情绪障碍。老年女性患焦虑症的风险更高（男性/女性的OR为0.42；CI为0.25 - 0.68），显著性水平p <.001，而老年男性受任何物质相关障碍的影响更大（男性/女性OR为3.96；CI为1.62 - 11.07），显著性水平p <.001。每种障碍的患病率随年龄下降（65 - 74岁/75 - 85岁的OR为1.85；CI为1.25 - 2.75），显著性水平p <.01。结果显示患病率高于先前研究报告的水平。强调了本研究的主要意义以及为65岁以上人群调整心理健康服务的必要性。
