Robert Christelle, Mathey Stéphanie
a Department of Psychology , University of Bordeaux , Bordeaux , France.
Neuropsychol Dev Cogn B Aging Neuropsychol Cogn. 2018 Mar;25(2):231-243. doi: 10.1080/13825585.2017.1284987. Epub 2017 Feb 6.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of aging on both spoken and written word production by using analogous tasks. To do so, a phonological neighbor generation task (Experiment 1) and an orthographic neighbor generation task (Experiment 2) were designed. In both tasks, young and older participants were given a word and had to generate as many words as they could think of by changing one phoneme in the target word (Experiment 1) or one letter in the target word (Experiment 2). The data of the two experiments were consistent, showing that the older adults generated fewer lexical neighbors and made more errors than the young adults. For both groups, the number of words produced, as well as their lexical frequency, decreased as a function of time. These data strongly support the assumption of a symmetrical age-related decline in the transmission of activation within the phonological and orthographic systems.
本研究的目的是通过使用类似任务来调查衰老对口语和书面语单词生成的影响。为此，设计了一个语音邻词生成任务（实验1）和一个正字法邻词生成任务（实验2）。在这两个任务中，向年轻和年长的参与者给出一个单词，他们必须通过改变目标单词中的一个音素（实验1）或一个字母（实验2），尽可能多地想出单词。两个实验的数据是一致的，表明老年人生成的词汇邻词比年轻人少，并且犯的错误更多。对于两组来说，生成的单词数量及其词频都随时间而减少。这些数据有力地支持了语音和正字法系统内激活传递存在与年龄相关的对称下降这一假设。
