通过“住房优先”减少伤害：对加拿大伊努维克紧急取暖中心的评估。
Harm reduction through housing first: an assessment of the Emergency Warming Centre in Inuvik, Canada.
作者信息
Young Michael G, Manion Kathleen
机构信息
School of Humanitarian Studies, Royal Roads University, Victoria, BC, V9B 5Y2, Canada.
出版信息
Harm Reduct J. 2017 Feb 7;14(1):8. doi: 10.1186/s12954-016-0128-8.
BACKGROUND
This research examines the effectiveness of an Emergency Warming Centre (EWC) in Inuvik, Canada, at reducing rates of morbidity and mortality for homeless persons with concurrent disorders (mental health problems and addictions). Inuvik is a small town of approximately 3500 residents, with over 65% being Aboriginal. The town is situated on the Beaufort Delta in the Western Canadian Arctic and is subject to oil and gas extraction-based boom and bust economic cycles. The centre provided food and accommodation for those under the influence of alcohol or drugs who had no other place to stay.
METHODS
Qualitative interviews about users' experiences at the centre were conducted with guests, as they were called, centre staff and other key stakeholders in autumn 2014 and spring 2015. Samples of (9) respondents and (7) stakeholders provided significant information about the importance of the EWC. The content of the qualitative data with guests and stakeholders were analyzed for emergent themes.
RESULTS
Several emergent themes and subthemes related to participants' experiences at the EWC and success of the centre. Overall, the results showed that guests benefitted from a safe place to stay and felt better about their overall health.
CONCLUSIONS
Compared with research on wet shelters in New Zealand, Great Britain and the US, this research reveals that harm reduction-based models for homeless persons with concurrent disorders require significant investments in infrastructure, which are not readily available. Yet, the lessons learned from these jurisdictions might be extrapolated to communities like Inuvik to develop alternative housing strategies.
背景
本研究考察了加拿大伊努维克的一个紧急取暖中心在降低患有并发疾病（心理健康问题和成瘾问题）的无家可归者发病率和死亡率方面的有效性。伊努维克是一个约有3500名居民的小镇，超过65%为原住民。该镇位于加拿大西部北极地区的波弗特三角洲，受基于石油和天然气开采的经济兴衰周期影响。该中心为那些受酒精或药物影响且无处可去的人提供食物和住所。
方法
2014年秋季和2015年春季，对被称为“客人”的中心使用者、中心工作人员以及其他关键利益相关者进行了关于他们在中心体验的定性访谈。9名受访者和7名利益相关者的样本提供了有关紧急取暖中心重要性的重要信息。对与客人和利益相关者的定性数据内容进行分析以找出新出现的主题。
结果
出现了几个与参与者在紧急取暖中心的体验以及该中心的成功相关的新出现主题和子主题。总体而言，结果表明客人受益于一个安全的栖身之所，并且对他们的整体健康感觉更好。
结论
与新西兰、英国和美国关于湿庇护所的研究相比，本研究表明，针对患有并发疾病的无家可归者的减少伤害模式需要在基础设施方面进行大量投资，而这些投资并不容易获得。然而，从这些司法管辖区吸取的经验教训可能会推广到像伊努维克这样的社区，以制定替代住房策略。
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