Huo S-D, Chen S-E, Long R-J, Yang J-T, Lu J-X, Zang R-X, Zhang T-J, Abudureyimu A, Liu J-L, Zhang G-H, Zhao Y-Q, Ma Z-R
Animal Cell Engineering and Technology Research Center of Gansu, Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou, China.
College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou, China.
Reprod Domest Anim. 2017 Jun;52(3):477-482. doi: 10.1111/rda.12936. Epub 2017 Feb 8.
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) have a central role in follicle growth, maturation and oestrus, but no clear pathway in the seasonal oestrus of yak (Bos grunniens) has been found. To better understand the role of FSH and LH in seasonal oestrus in the yak, six yaks were slaughtered while in oestrus, and the pineal gland, hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and gonads were collected. Using real-time PCR and immunohistochemical assays, we determined the mRNA and protein expression of the FSH and LH receptors (FSHR and LHR) in these organs. The analysis showed that the FSHR mRNA expression level was higher in the pituitary gland tissue compared with LHR (p < .01) during oestrus. By contrast, there was low expression of FSHR and LHR mRNA in the pineal gland and hypothalamus. FSHR mRNA expression was higher than that of LHR (p < .05) in the ovary, whereas LHR mRNA expression was higher than that of FSHR (p < .01) in the uterus. FSHR and LHR proteins were located in the pinealocyte, synaptic ribbon and synaptic spherules of the pineal gland and that FSH and LH interact via nerve fibres. In the hypothalamus, FSHR and LHR proteins were located in the magnocellular neurons and parvocellular neurons. FSHR and LHR proteins were localized in acidophilic cells and basophilic cells in the pituitary gland, and in surface epithelium, stromal cell and gland epithelium in the uterus. In the ovary, FSHR and LHR protein were present in the ovarian follicle. Thus, we concluded that FSHR and LHR are located in the pineal gland, hypothalamus, pituitary and gonad during oestrus in the yak. However, FSHR was mainly expressed in the pituitary gland and ovaries, whereas LHR was mainly expressed in the pituitary gland and uterus.
促卵泡激素（FSH）和促黄体生成素（LH）在卵泡生长、成熟和发情过程中起核心作用，但在牦牛（Bos grunniens）季节性发情中尚未发现明确的途径。为了更好地了解FSH和LH在牦牛季节性发情中的作用，选取6头发情期的牦牛进行屠宰，并采集松果体、下丘脑、垂体和性腺。采用实时荧光定量PCR和免疫组织化学分析方法，测定这些器官中FSH和LH受体（FSHR和LHR）的mRNA和蛋白表达。分析表明，发情期牦牛垂体组织中FSHR mRNA表达水平高于LHR（p < 0.01）。相比之下，松果体和下丘脑中FSHR和LHR mRNA表达较低。卵巢中FSHR mRNA表达高于LHR（p < 0.05），而子宫中LHR mRNA表达高于FSHR（p < 0.01）。FSHR和LHR蛋白位于松果体的松果体细胞、突触带和突触小球，且FSH和LH通过神经纤维相互作用。在下丘脑中，FSHR和LHR蛋白位于大细胞神经元和小细胞神经元中。FSHR和LHR蛋白定位于垂体的嗜酸性细胞和嗜碱性细胞，以及子宫的表面上皮、基质细胞和腺上皮中。在卵巢中，FSHR和LHR蛋白存在于卵泡中。因此，我们得出结论，发情期牦牛的松果体、下丘脑、垂体和性腺中均存在FSHR和LHR。然而，FSHR主要在垂体和卵巢中表达，而LHR主要在垂体和子宫中表达。
